覆盖措施对春小麦田土壤含水量及耗水规律的影响  

Effect of Mulching Measures on Soil Moisture and Water Consumption in Spring Wheat Field

作　　者：马莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院/陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第35期130-133,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239009);宝鸡文理学院重点项目(ZK15054)

摘　　要：高效节水措施的使用有利于提高作物水分利用效率,缓解中国荒漠绿洲区灌溉农业生产中水资源不足的问题。基于此设定了大田定点观测试验研究不同覆盖措施对荒漠绿洲区春小麦耗水规律的影响,试验分别设置石子覆盖（S）、地膜覆盖（B）、秸秆覆盖（M）和对照（CK）4个处理。试验结果表明：覆盖措施使土面蒸发量降低了25.6%~37.9%,有效的提高了土壤含水量。春小麦耗水量分别为B处理减少了13%,M处理减少了14%,S减少了8%,但B处理下的春小麦水分利用效率（WUE）和灌溉水分利用效率（WUEi）最高。可见,地膜覆盖是是适合该地区最佳的节水种植方式。High efficient water-saving measure is beneficial to improve crop water use efficiency and alleviatewater resource shortage in irrigation agricultural production in desert oasis area in China. The effect of differentmulching treatments on soil moisture and water consumption of spring wheat was studied by field fixed pointobservation. The authors set four mulching modes including stone mulch（S）, film mulch（B）, straw mulch（M）and CK. The results showed that soil surface evaporation reduced by 25.6%-37.9% after mulching, and soilmoisture increased effectively. The water consumption of treatment B reduced by 13%, and that of treatment Mreduced by 14%, and that of treatment S reduced by 8%. Water use efficiency（WUE） and irrigation water useefficiency（WUEi） of treatment B were the highest. So, film mulching treatment was the best way of water-saving cultivation in this region.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 土面蒸发 耗水量 春小麦 

分 类 号：S501[农业科学—作物学]