8个超甜玉米自交系主要性状配合力及育种潜力分析  

Combining ability of main agronomic traits and breeding potential in eight super-sweet corn inbred lines

作　　者：冯云敢[1] 韦桂旺[1] 韦爱娟 蒙云飞 贺囡囡[1] 张述宽[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院玉米研究所,南宁5300007 [2]广西农业科学院科技处,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2016年第12期2027-2032,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西玉米创新团队建设项目(nyncytxcxtd-07);广西农业科学院基本科研业务费专项项目(2015YT26);广西农业科学院玉米研究所科技发展基金项目(桂玉科2014001)

摘　　要：【目的】对新引进8个超甜玉米自交系的主要性状进行配合力及育种潜力分析,为评价和利用玉米新种质提供参考。【方法】采用不完全双列杂交设计,将5个被测系(HT32、德甜15、2650R、T026和YC09)与3个测验系(HJZ33、德甜18和YC26)测交组配15个杂交组合,并对自交系及杂交组合的10个农艺性状进行配合力及遗传力分析。【结果】8个自交系中,HT32、2650R、T026、HJZ33、德甜18和YC26等一般配合力(GCA)效应值在大部分性状上表现为正值;2650R×HJZ33、德甜15×德甜18、T026×德甜18和HT32×YC26等4个杂交组合特殊配合力(SCA)效应值在大部分性状上也表现为正值。除穗位高和小区产量性状外,其余8个性状的GCA方差较大且远高于SCA方差,株高、穗长、秃尖长、穗行数和籽粒宽的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均高于42.00%,而穗位高、果穗粗、行粒数、籽粒深和小区产量等5个性状狭义遗传力低于32.00%。【结论】8个自交系中,在重要性状GCA上表现好的自交系有:HT32、2650R、T026、H.JZ33、德甜18和YC26;在产量及外观商品性上表现突出的组合有:2650R×HJZ33、德甜15×德甜18、T026×德甜18和HT32×YC26;株高、穗长、秃尖长、穗行数和籽粒宽可在早代选择。【Objective】Combining ability of main agronomic traits and breeding potential of newly introduced supersweet corn inbred lines was analyzed,in order to provide a reference for evaluating and using germplasm resources of super-sweet corn.【Method】Five tested lines（HT32,Detian 15,2650 R,T026 and YC09） were combined with three testing lines（HJZ33,Detian 18,YC26） by incomplete diallel cross design method,so that fifteen cross combinations were obtained.Then the combining ability and heritability of ten agronomic traits of inbred lines and fifteen cross combinations were analyzed.【Result】Results showed that,as for most of main agronomic traits,general combining ability（GCA） effect values of six super-sweet corn inbred lines viz.,HT32,2650 R,T026,HJZ33,Detian 18 and YC26 were positive,and special combining ability（SCA） effect values of four cross combinations viz.,2650 RxFI,Detian 15 xDetian 18,T026 xDetian 18 and HT32×YC26 were also positive.Furthermore,GCA variances of all agronomic traits were higher than SCA variances except ear height and plot yield.Broad sense and narrow heritabilities of plant height,ear length,ear barren tip length,row number per ear and grain width were all more than 42.00%,however,the narrow heritabilities of ear height,ear diameter,grain number per row,grain depth and plot yield were less than 32.00%.【Conclusion】In eight inbred lines,six inbred lines viz.,HT32,2650 R,T026,HJZ33,Detian18,YC26 had good GCA of some important agronomic traits.And four cross combinations including 2650R×HJZ33,Detian 15×Detian 18,T026×Detian 18 and HT32×YC26 show good outstanding performance in yield and appearance marketability.Furthermore,plant height,ear length,ear barren tip length,row number per ear and grain width can be selected in early generation.

关 键 词：甜玉米 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]