硅烷偶联剂修饰纳米SiO_2改性MF/PVA纤维的结构与性能  

Structure and properties of MF/PVA fiber modified with nano-SiO_2 treated with silane coupling agent

作　　者：沈燕[1] 周迎松[1] 于俊荣[1] 王彦[1] 诸静[1] 胡祖明[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2016年第6期20-25,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(152R1401100)

摘　　要：采用经硅烷偶联剂KH570表面修饰的纳米SiO_2(KH570-SiO_2)对三聚氰胺甲醛/聚乙烯醇(MF/PVA)浆液进行改性,采用湿法纺丝并改变凝固浴温度制得了KH570-SiO_2改性MF/PVA纤维,采用旋转黏度计分析对比了KH570-SiO_2改性前后纺丝浆液的黏度变化,研究了KH570-SiO_2及凝固浴温度对MF/PVA纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明:KH570-SiO_2改性后MF/PVA浆液的稳定性有所提高,KH570-SiO_2改性后MF/PVA纤维的断裂强度有所下降,但纤维韧性有较大提高,纤维耐热性能和阻燃性能也有较大提高;随着凝固浴温度的升高,KH570-SiO_2改性MF/PVA纤维的特征热分解温度和极限氧指数(LOI)先增大后降低,纤维LOI均高于28%;纤维断裂强度随凝固浴温度的升高而增大,而纤维断裂韧性则呈现先降低后增大趋势;凝固浴温度为50℃时,制得的KH570-SiO_2改性MF/PVA纤维LOI为38.7%,纤维断裂强度和断裂伸长率分别为2.53 c N/dtex和5.17%。Silane coupling agent KH 570 modified nano-SiO2 （ KH570-SiO2 ） was used to modify melamine formaldehyde/polyvi-nyl alcohol （ MF/PVA） slurry from which a KH570-SiO2 modified MF/PVA fiber was prepared under different coagulation bath temperature via wet spinning process .The viscosity change of the spinning slurry was contrasted before and after KH 570-SiO2 modification by rotary viscometer .The effect of KH570-SiO2 and coagulation bath temperature on the structure and properties of MF/PVA fiber was studied .The results showed that the stability of MF/PVA slurry was improved in some degree after KH 570-SiO2 modification, and the obtained KH570-SiO2 modified MF/PVA fiber had some decrease in the breaking strength and a great increase in the tenacity , heat resistance and flame retardance;the characteristic thermolysis temperature and the limiting oxygen index （ LOI） of the KH570-SiO2 modified MF/PVA fiber were increased and then decreased with the elevation of coagulation bath temperature;the LOI of the fibers were all above 28%; the breaking strength was increased and the breaking tenacity was decreased and then increased with the increase of the coagulation bath temperature ;the LOI of the KH570-SiO2 modified MF/PVA fiber was 38.7%and the breaking strength and elongation at break were 2.53 cN/dtex and 5.17%, repectively, as the coagulation bath temperature was 50 ℃.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺甲醛纤维 聚乙烯醇纤维 硅烷偶联剂 纳米二氧化硅 湿法纺丝 凝固浴温度力学性能 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.1[化学工程—化纤工业]