两种静脉采血方法的临床效果研究  

Study of clinical effect of two venous blood sampling methods

作　　者：张慧[1] 雷佳 陈蓉[1] 袁军[1] 张文进 张广华 韩福英 王冬菊 石清青 代永花 

机构地区：[1]贵州省人民医院,贵阳市550002 [2]贵州省长顺县人民医院

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2016年第22期5-7,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：贵州省卫生厅科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2013-1-057);贵州省人民医院青年基金GZSYQN[2015]08号

摘　　要：目的:研究手背静脉采血法与股静脉采血法对临床结局影响的随机对照比较。方法:采取随机对照研究设计。在新生儿科定点连续采样获得300例新生儿,最后将符合纳入标准的131例新生儿随机分配到手背静脉采血组65例和股静脉采血组66例。主要临床结局为早产儿疼痛评分,次要临床结局为血液标本检测值,穿刺成功率,家长接受度。建立回归方程模型探讨疼痛与新生儿诊断、Apgar评分、胎龄、性别、不同采血法的关系。结果:手背静脉采血组新生儿疼痛评分低于股静脉采血组(P<0.05),家长接受度高于股静脉采血组(P<0.05),而穿刺成功率两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),各血液检测值两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。回归分析发现随着Apgar 10分钟的评分增加,采血的疼痛会增加;股静脉采血组疼痛评分高于手背静脉采血组;诊断为早产儿的疼痛评分减少3.466;新生儿性别为女性的疼痛评分高于男性;随着胎龄增加,疼痛评分增加。结论:新生儿手背静脉采血法在降低新生儿疼痛方面优于股静脉采血法,且不会改变血液检测值,家长接受度较高,值得推广。Objective： To compare the random controlled study of the effects of venepuncture of the dorsum of hand and femoral venous blood sampling on clinical outcomes. Methods： A random controlled study was designed. Continuous blood samplings were conducted in the neonatology department to get 300 neonates cases and randomly divided the 131 qualified cases to the dorsal vein blood collection group with 65 cases and the femoral vein blood sampling group with 66 cases. The main clinical outcomes were pain scores in preterm infants and the secondary clinical outcomes were blood specimen detection,puncture success rate and parental acceptance. The relationship between pain and neonatal diagnosis,Apgar score,gestational age,sex and blood collection method was established by regression equation model. Results： The score of neonatal pain in the dorsal vein blood sampling group was lower than that in the femoral vein blood sampling group（ P〈0.05）. The parental acceptance rate was higher than that in the femoral vein blood collection group（ P〈0.05）.However the puncture success rate was not statistically significant（ P〉0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the blood test values of the two groups（ P〉0.05）. Regression analysis showed that pain increased with increasing Apgar score in 10 minutes. Pain score in femoral venous blood was higher than that in dorsal hand vein group. The pain score in diagnosed preterm infants decreased by 3. 466,and pain scores in newborn girls were higher than that of the boys. With gestational age increased,the pain score increased. Conclusion： Neonatal dorsal vein sampling is superior to femoral venous blood sampling in reducing neonatal pain and it does not change the blood test value. Meanwhile,the parents＇ acceptance is higher and it is worthy of promotion.

关 键 词：新生儿 疼痛 手背静脉采血法 股静脉采血法 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]