达氏鳇养殖群体的胚胎发育研究  

Embryonic development of cultured Siberian huso sturgeon Huso dauricus

作　　者：郭长江[1] 赵文[1] 石振广 魏杰[1] 鲁宏申 刘建魁 GUO Chang-jiang ZHAO Wen SHI Zhen-guang WEI Jie LU Hong-shen LIU Jian-kui(Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean Lniversity, Dalian 116023, China Yunnan Amur Sturgeon Group Limited Company,Kunming 650228, China Beijing Sturgeon Dragon Seed Industry Group Limited Company,Beijing 101400, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]云南阿穆尔鲟鱼集团有限公司,云南昆明650228 [3]北京鲟龙种业有限公司,北京101400

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2016年第6期589-597,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(200920);横向联合项目“达氏鳇基础生物学研究”(2012-2014)

摘　　要：为了解达氏鳇Huso dauricus养殖群体的胚胎发育过程,采用人工半干法受精获取受精卵,研究了在水温为（16.0±0.2）℃条件下达氏鳇养殖群体的胚胎发育过程及其特征。结果表明：达氏鳇成熟卵呈圆球形,为黄褐色或灰褐色,不透明,平均卵径为3.19 mm,属沉性黏性卵;达氏鳇受精卵历时136 h孵化出膜,所需总积温为2148~2592℃·h;达氏鳇受精卵的卵裂方式为特殊的辐射状卵裂;原肠中期时动物极细胞覆盖胚胎2/3,心跳期心脏呈“c冶型,尾末端到达间脑或中脑时大量仔鱼出膜;根据胚胎发育过程的形态特征,可将达氏鳇胚胎分为受精卵、卵裂、囊胚、原肠、神经胚、器官形成、心跳和出膜期8个发育阶段,共36个时期。研究表明,达氏鳇胚胎发育过程中所需积温略高于鲟科其他鱼类。The embryonic development was observed in cultured population of Siberian huso sturgeon Huso dauri-cus ,which was induced to spawn by hormone injection, at water temperature of （16. 0±0. 2 ）℃to understand the embryonic development procedure of Siberian huso sturgeon. It was found that Siberian huso sturgeon had spherical mature eggs in shape, and yellowish-brown or taupe in color and was non-transparent dermaladhesive, with mean egg diameter of 3. 19 mm. The fertilized eggs showed special radial cell division in cleavage stage, with aver-age effective cumulative temperature of 2148-2592 ℃· h and hatched in 136 hours. Animal pole cells occupied two thirds of the whole embryos in volume in mid-gastrula stage, with “ c冶 -shaped heart in heart beating stage. Most of the freshly hatched fry had caudal end extending to the diencephalon. The embryonic development of Sibe-rian huso sturgeon was divided into 8 continuous stages including fertilized egg, cell division, blastula, gastrula, neurula, organogenesis, heart beating and hatching stage, amounting to 36 substages based on the morphology. The findings indicated that there was slightly higher cumulative temperature in Siberian huso sturgeon than that in other sturgeons during embryonic development.

关 键 词：达氏鳇 胚胎发育 发育分期 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q132[生物学—普通生物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]