洞庭湖水系3种鳢科鱼类的染色体组型分析  

Karyotypes of Three Channidae Fish Species in Dongting Lake Water System

作　　者：杨春英[1] 刘良国[1] 杨品红[1] 韩庆[1] 邹万生[1] YANG Chun-ying LIU Liang-guo YANG Pin-hong HAN Qing ZOU Wan-sheng(Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Zoology in Hunan Higher Education,College of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China)

机构地区：[1]水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,动物学湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2016年第4期493-498,共6页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31572619);湖南省高校创新平台基金项目(No.13K103);湖南省“十二五”重点建设学科(动物学)资助项目

摘　　要：【目的】研究洞庭湖水系的乌鳢(Channa argus)、斑鳢(C.maculata)和月鳢(C.asiatica)的染色体核型。【方法】采用PHA和秋水仙素活体注射、肾细胞直接制片法,对洞庭湖水系的乌鳢、斑鳢和月鳢进行染色体组型分析。【结果】洞庭湖水系乌鳢的核型2n=48=4SM+20ST+24T,臂数:NF=52;斑鳢的核型为2n=42=4M+2SM+16ST+20T,NF=48;月鳢的核型为2n=44=6M+6SM+16ST+16T,NF=56。3种鳢科鱼均未发现异型性染色体、随体和次缢痕。【结论】洞庭湖水系的乌鳢为这3种鳢科鱼类中最原始类群,月鳢为最特化类群;乌鳢与月鳢的亲缘关系最远,斑鳢与乌鳢的亲缘关系比之与月鳢更近;并推测鳢科鱼类应为鲈形目中较为特化的类群。[Objective] To study the karyotypes of C. argus,C, maculata and C. asiatica in Dongting Lake water systems. [Methods] By using PHA and colchicine injection method in vivo, and kidney cells collecting and treating in lower osmotic pressure and air-drying technique., the karyotypes of C. argus, C. maculata and C. asiatica in Dongting Lake water systems were analyzed. [Results] The karyotypes were formulated as： 2n=48=4SM＋20ST＋24T, NF=52 for C. argus; 2n=42=4M＋2SM＋16ST＋20T, NF=48 for C. maculata ; 2n = 44 =6M ＋ 6SM ＋16ST ＋16T , NF = 56 for C. asiatica. The satellite chromosome, secondary constrictions or abnormal sex chromosome were not found in these three Channidae fish species. [Conclusions] Among these three Channidae fish species in Dongting Lake water systems, C. argus is the most primitive group and C. asiatica is the most specialized group. C. argus has the farthest relationship with C. asiatica, and C. maculata is more closely to C. argus than C. asiatica. And Channidae fish supposedly is a relatively specialized type in Percifomles.

关 键 词：洞庭湖水系 乌鳢 斑鳢 月鳢 染色体核型 

分 类 号：Q959.481[生物学—动物学]