采油污水对斑马鱼SOD活性的影响  

Effect of oil production sewage on SOD activity in zebra fish

作　　者：刘超群[1,2] 吴杨[2] 张薇[2] 徐长君[2] 宝力德[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]大庆师范学院,黑龙江163712

出　　处：《环境与发展》2016年第6期72-76,89,共6页Environment & Development

摘　　要：超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)是生物防御系统中重要的一种酶。通过研究采油污水对生物体内SOD活性的影响,可以判断采油污水对生物体产生的毒害以及对环境产生的污染。本实验采用斑马鱼为实验材料,通过比色法和酶液提取技术,以不同浓度的采油污水胁迫培养斑马鱼,然后测定斑马鱼的头部、肌肉和内脏中SOD活性。实验结果显示,在采油污水胁迫培养的斑马鱼体内的SOD活性的变化与污水的浓度也就是污染物胁迫强度有着一定的关系。其中以斑马鱼头部的SOD活性变化最为显著,在无采油污水胁迫的对照组中斑马鱼头部的SOD活性为16.73U/mg,而在采油污水稀释浓度为0.03的全致死组中培养的斑马鱼头部的SOD活性为239.09U/mg。说明在没有采油污水污染的情况下斑马鱼的SOD基础活性比较低,在全致死浓度时其活性在斑马鱼头部中上升了14倍左右,变化非常明显。因此可以通过检测斑马鱼头部的SOD活性的变化去判断斑马鱼是否受到水中污染物的毒害,进而判断环境污染的程度,为环境检测提供实验依据,为采油污水的综合化处理和环境污染的治理提供简便的检测手段。另外本研究发现在大庆地区采油污水中斑马鱼全致死浓度为该污水的33倍稀释浓度,反映出目前大庆地区的水源被采油污水污染较严重。采油污水的排放质量不达标,急需加强对采油污水的排放进行治理,改善大庆地区水源环境质量。Superoxide dismutase （Superoxide Dismutase, SOD） is an important enzyme in the biological defense system. Through the study of the effect of wastewater from oil production on the SOD activity in living organism, we can judge the toxicity of oil production sewage to the organisms and the degree of environmental pollution. In this experiment the zebra fish has been used as experimental mate- rial and cultivated under the stress of different concentrations of oil production sewage, and then the activities of Superoxide Dismutase （ SOD） in its head, muscle and viscera have been determined using colorimetric method and enzyme extraction technology. From the re-sults it can be concluded that the change of the SOD activity of zebra fish cultivated under the stress of oil production sewage has a cer-tain relationship with the concentration of oil production sewage or the stress intensity of pollution. The changes of SOD activity in zebra fish head is the most significant, in the control group with no sewage stress the activity of SOD in zebra fish head was 16.73U/mg, and in the lethal group with the stress of oil production sewage diluted to the concentration of 0.03 the activity of SOD was 239.09U/mg in zebra fish head. It showed that the SOD activity in lethal group was about 14 times higher than the SOD activity in the control group with no stress of oil production sewage, and the change of the SOD activity was significant Therefore, the degree of environmental pollution can be detected by the change of SOD activity in the zebra fish head. This method provides a simple and convenient detection for the environ-mental pollution caused by oil production wastewater. This study found that the total lethal concentration of oil production sewage in th

关 键 词：采油污水 斑马鱼 SOD 环境污染 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]