熔盐堆用超细颗粒石墨结构和熔盐浸渗研究（英文）  

Microstructure and molten salt impregnation characteristics of a micro-fine grain graphite for use in molten salt reactors

作　　者：张文婷[1,2] 张宝亮[1,2,3] 宋金亮[1] 戚威[1] 贺秀杰 刘占军[4] 连鹏飞[4] 贺周同[1] 高丽娜[1] 夏汇浩[1] 刘向东[2] 周兴泰[1] 孙立斌[3] 吴莘馨[3] ZHANG Wen-ting ZHANG Bao-liang SONG Jin-liang QI Wei HE Xiu-jie LIU Zhan-jun LIAN Peng-fei HE Zhou-tong GAO Li-na XIA Hui-hao LIU Xiang-dong ZHOU Xing-tai SUN Li-bin WU Xin-xin(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800 , China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 , China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 , China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所核辐射与核能技术重点实验室,上海201800 [2]山东大学物理学院,山东济南250100 [3]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,先进核能技术协同创新中心,先进反应堆工程与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [4]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所炭材料重点实验室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2016年第6期585-593,共9页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51602336);上海市自然科学基金(16ZR1443400);国家自然科学基金(51572274,11305240,11075097,11375108);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“未来先进核裂变能-钍基熔盐堆核能系统”(XDA02004220).

摘　　要：研究各向同性微细颗粒石墨ZXF-5Q的微结构及熔盐浸渗特性。使用光学显微镜、压汞仪、真密度仪、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪以及拉曼光谱仪,对其气孔、煅烧裂纹、Mrozowski裂纹及晶体结构进行表征。结果表明,ZXF-5Q拥有均匀分布的气孔,非常小的入孔孔径(0.4μm),数量众多的透镜状Mrozowski裂纹以及良好的晶体结构。熔盐浸渗实验在不同压力(分别为1、3、5个大气压)650℃环境下进行。利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线能谱仪对其浸渗特性进行了观察分析。研究表明,由于其非常小的入口孔径,ZXF-5Q在5个大气压外加压强环境下依然可以很好阻止熔盐浸渗。尽管没有浸渗发生,在ZXF-5Q内部可以发现球形熔盐颗粒,可能是熔盐蒸汽凝结造成的。The microstructure and molten salt impregnation characteristics of a micro-fine grain isotropic graphite ZXF-5Q from Poco Inc. was investigated. The microstructural characteristics of the pores caused by gas evolution,calcination cracks,Mrozowski cracks,and the crystal structure were characterized by optical microscopy,mercury porosimetry,helium pycnometry,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Results show that the ZXF-5Q has uniformly-distributed pores caused by gas evolution with very small entrance diameters（ ~ 0. 4 μm）,and numerous lenticular Mrozowski cracks. Molten salt impregnation with a molten eutectic fluoride salt at 650 ℃ and 1,3 and 5 atm,indicate that ZXF-5Q could not be infiltrated even at 5 atm due to its very small pore entrance diameter. Some scattered global salt particles found inside the ZXF-5Q are possibly formed by condensation of the fluoride salt steam during cooling.

关 键 词：熔盐堆 石墨 熔盐浸渗 微结构 

分 类 号：TL426[核科学技术—核技术及应用]