种植密度与缩节胺(DPC)对麦后直播机采棉产量和品质的影响  

Effects of planting density and dimethyl piperidinium chloride(DPC) on yields and fiber qualities of machine picked cotton after barley harvesting

作　　者：杨长琴[1] 张国伟[1] 刘瑞显[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2016年第6期1288-1293,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省三新工程项目[SXGC(2014)299];江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2014389)

摘　　要：为探明麦后直播机采棉适宜的种植密度和化控水平,2013年以早熟棉(中棉所50)为材料,采用裂区设计,在江苏省盐城市大丰区和南京市研究种植密度(1 hm^27.50×104株、1 hm^29.75×104株和1 hm^212.00×104株)和缩节胺(DPC)用量(0 g/hm^2、52.5 g/hm^2和105.0 g/hm^2)对麦后直播棉产量、品质的影响。结果表明,密度1hm^29.75×104株和DPC用量52.5 g/hm^2、105.0 g/hm^2处理叶面积指数高值持续期较长;生物量累积速率达到峰值的时间随密度增加而提前,吐絮期生物量以密度1 hm^29.75×104株处理高于7.50×104株处理,而1 hm^212.00×104株处理最低。在密度1 hm^27.50×104株条件下,DPC处理降低生物量;密度1 hm^29.75×104株和1 hm^212.00×104株条件下DPC 52.5 g/hm^2处理的生物量较高。大丰点产量以1 hm^29.75×104株、DPC 52.5 g/hm^2处理较高,南京点以相同密度下DPC 52.5~105.0 g/hm^2处理较高;纤维长度和比强度以1 hm^29.75×104株和1 hm^212.00×104株、DPC 52.5~105.0 g/hm^2处理较优。综上所述,麦后直播机采棉种植密度1 hm^29.75×104株、DPC用量52.5~105.0 g/hm^2,有利于生物量累积和产量、品质形成。The aim is to find out the appropriate density and chemical control level of machine picked cotton after barley harvesting. Using the early mature cotton （ CCRI 50） as material, field experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of planting density and dimethyl piperidinium chloride （ DPC） on biomass, yield and fiber qualities of cotton in Nan-jing and Dafeng, Jiangsu province of China in 2013. The main plots comprised three planting densities （1 hm2 7. 50×10^4 ,1 hm^2 9. 75×10^4 and 1 hm^2 12. 00×10^4 plants）, while DPC application rates （0 g/hm^2, 52. 5 g/hm^2 and 105. 0 g/hm^2） constituted the subplots. The results showed that the higher leaf area index （ LAI） lasted from full-flowering to boll-opening in the treatments of 1 hm2 9. 75×10^4 plants with DPC of 52. 5-105. 0 g/hm^2. The time for peaking biomass accumulation ＊ 1 rate advanced with the density increase and the final biomass of1 hm2 9. 75×10^4 plants treatment was the highest. The biomass decreased in the treatments of 1 hm^2 7. 50×10^4 plants with DPC of 52. 5-105. 0 g/hm^2 and was higher in the treatments of 1 hm2 9. 75×10^4 plants or 1 hm^2 12. 00×10^4 plants with DPC of 52. 5 g/hm^2. The higher yield was found at the density of 1 hm^2 9. 75×10^4 plants with DPC of 52. 5 g/hm^2 in Dafeng and at the same plant density with DPC of 52. 5-105. 0 g/hm2 in Nanjing. The higher values of the fiber length and strength showed up in the treatments of 1 hm2 9. 75×10^4-12. 00×10^4 plants with DPC regulation. In summary, the treatments of 1 hm2 9. 75×10^4 plants with DPC of 52. 5-105. 0 g/hm^2 for the machine picked cottons after barley harvesting were conducive to the biomass accumulation, yield and fiber quality.

关 键 词：麦后直播机采棉 种植密度 缩节胺 生物量 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]