有机硅改性阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂的合成及溶液性质  

Synthesis and solution properties of organosilicone modified cationic polyurethane surfactants

作　　者：王海花[1] 张婷[1] 李小瑞[1] 费贵强 刘云[1] WANG Hai-hua ZHANG Ting LI Xiao-rui FEI Gui-qiang LIU Yun(Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry 8/Technology for Chemical Industry,Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science Technology, Xi＇an 710021, China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期79-84,101,共7页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21544011);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(2012(1707));陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(2011JS057)

摘　　要：通过预聚体法合成了有机硅烷偶联剂改性阳离子水性聚氨酯表面活性剂(KCPUS),利用红外光谱和核磁共振谱对聚合物的结构和组成进行了表征.并通过动态光散射、透射电镜(TEM)、表面张力仪、流变仪及荧光光谱仪等系统研究了硅烷偶联剂KH550对KCPUS表面张力、临界胶束浓度、胶束的尺寸、微极性和聚集行为的影响.TEM表明,KCPUS胶束呈蠕虫状结构.随着KH550含量的增加,KCPUS水溶液表面张力和临界胶束浓度(cmc)逐渐减小,其最低值分别为39.68mN/m和1.32g/L,胶束的平均粒径和分布系数先降低后升高.当浓度低于cmc时,光散射强度较低且变化缓慢,当浓度高于cmc时,光散射强度呈现逐渐增长趋势,胶束聚集数逐渐增加.随着KH550含量的增加,乳液粘度增加,假塑行为增强,胶束间的相互作用增强.荧光光谱法表明随KCPUS浓度增加,I1/I3值从1.81降低到1.14,I338/I334值从0.45升高到1.65,表明疏水基团聚集形成疏水微区,芘分子从水相极性环境转移到胶束疏水内核.随着KH550含量的增加,胶束微极性和形成难度先减小后增加.A series of silane coupling agent modified cationic polyurethanes surfactants （KCPU） was prepared through prepolymerization method,and the structure was investigated by FTIR and NMR. Effects of y-aminopropyltriethoxysilane （KH550） concentration on the surface tension, critical micelle concentration, viscosity,micelle size,micropolarity and aggre-gation behaviors of KCPUS were studied by dynamic light scattering, transmissong electron microscope（TEM） , surface tension analysis, viscosity analysis and fluorescence analysis. TEM result showed that KCPUS micelles displayed as wormlike morphology. It was also found that the surface tension and critical micelle concentration （cmc） decreased with the in-crease of the KH550 concentration,the minimum value were 39. 68 mN/m and 1. 32 g/L,respectively. The average particle size and polydispersity index of KCPUS solution decreased first and then increased with increasing KH550 concentration. When the KCPUS concentra-tion was lower than cmc,the light scattering intensity was very low and changed slowly with KCPUS concentration. However,the light scattering intensity presented a gradually increas-ing tendency when the KCPUS concentration was greater than cmc,as well as the aggrega-tion number of KCPUS micelles. In addition, with increasing KH550 concentration, the vis-cosity of KCPUS solution increased,the pseudo plastic behavior was enhanced,and the inter-actions among micelles increased. Fluorescence spectrometry showed that I1 /I 3 values de-creased from 1. 81 to 1. 14 and I333/I33 4 increased from 0. 45 to 1. 65, suggesting that the hy-drophobic groups tended to aggregate and form hydrophobic microdomains, and pyrene mole-cules transfereel from the aqueous polar phase to micellar interphase. Furthermore, the mi-celle micropolarity and the difficulty with micelle formation decreased first and then in-creased as increasing KH550 concentration.

关 键 词：有机硅 阳离子聚氨酯 表面活性剂 聚集行为 

分 类 号：O647[理学—物理化学]