我国大学与政府关系的嬗变和展望——对新中国成立以来政策文本的分析  

The evolution and prospect of the relationship between university and government in China through analyzing the policy text since the founding of New China

作　　者：姚宇华[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学教育科学研究院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2017年第1期116-124,共9页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金全国教育科学"十二五"规划国家一般课题(BIA130071)

摘　　要：大学与政府关系是指在大学治理过程中政府规制和大学自主之间经动态调适形成各种关系的总和。文章通过对新中国成立以来重要教育政策文本的梳理发现,我国大学与政府关系大致经历了全面规制和大学全面依附、改革调整与大学自主权扩大、规制调整与大学自主权落实以及治理理念下政府和大学新型关系的构建四个阶段。总的来说,其特点包含大学和政府关系的调整受外部环境影响较大,政府规制强度的稳定性和手段的多样化及大学自主权在发展路径上的明显转换等方面;同时存在政府规制权力过大,大学自主权仍较式微和教育法律法规建设滞后与执行力缺失等问题。因此为了构建新型的大学和政府关系,我国应从理念、角色和制度三方面,采取平衡政治论与认识论哲学、保持政府规制和大学自主合理的张力及推进现代大学制度建设等策略。The university-government relationship is the summation of all kinds of relationships formed after the dynamic adjustment process between government regulation and university autonomy.After sorting out the important educational policy documents since the foundation of new China,it is summed up that the relationship between university and government experienced four stages roughly：all-encompassing regulation and overall attachment of the university,reform adjustment and enlarging of university autonomy,regulation adjustment and implementation of university autonomy,and the construction of a new relation between government and university under the guidance of governance concept.In general,the government and university relations have some features,such as the great influence in its adjustment by external policy environment,the stability of intensity and the variety of means in government regulation,and the obvious transformation of the development path of university autonomy.Meanwhile,there also remains some problems including too much power of the government regulation,the relative declining of the university autonomy,the lag of education laws and regulations construction and the lack of executive force.So in order to establish a new university-government relationship,strategies should be adopted from the aspects of concept,role and system,including balancing political theory and epistemology philosophy,maintaining a reasonable tension between government regulation and university autonomy and promoting the construction of modern university system.

关 键 词：大学与政府关系 政府规制 大学自主权 政策文本 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]