秦陵陪葬坑土遗址安全含盐量探究  

Soluble salt content and safety level in the Qin Mausoleum complex earthen site pits

作　　者：张晓英[1] 夏寅[2,3] 周莉莉[1] 张尚欣[3] 严淑梅[3] 付倩丽 黄建华[3] 李华[3] 周铁[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学,陕西西安710069 [2]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,陕西西安710049 [3]陶质彩绘文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地(秦始皇帝陵博物院),陕西西安710600

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2016年第4期19-25,共7页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑计划资助(2012BAK14B02)

摘　　要：易溶盐反复结晶产生的体积膨胀,会对土遗址特别是土遗址表面迹象造成破坏,因此,以易溶盐的含量多少判断其干预时机就显得尤为重要。本研究就易溶盐含量对秦陵陪葬坑土遗址的影响,开展安全含盐量问题的探究。将Na2SO4/Na Cl质量比为1∶1混合盐掺入重塑土样中,经气候箱老化后,利用超景深显微镜测定盐胀面积判断土样被破坏的程度,结果表明含盐超过0.1%,就会导致盐胀面积突然增加,这一指标的获得以及本次实验研究中提出的利用超景深显微镜测定土壤表面盐胀面积评估盐害的方法,为土遗址开展进一步的预防性保护工作提出了初步依据和新的研究方法。Soluble salt re - crystallization can expand damaging surfaces of historical earthen sites. Therefore, it is very important to know the soluble salt content and the suitable time to remove these soluble salts by conservation treatments. In this paper, various levels of 1：1 （mass/mass） Na2SO4 and NaCl were mixed in with several soil samples from Qin Mausoleum complex pits. The samples were artificially aged in the climate chamber. Then a digital field microscope was used to explore the damage caused by the salts. Results show that salt expansion will suddenly increase when the salt content becomes higher than 0. 1%. The data and the method used provided useful information for further preventive conservation measures at earthen sites.

关 键 词：土遗址 秦陵陪葬坑 易溶盐 安全含盐量 盐胀 超景深显微镜 

分 类 号：TU411[建筑科学—岩土工程]