接种AM真菌对采煤沉陷区复垦植物生长及土壤化学生物性状的影响  

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Inoculation on Plant Growth and Soil Chemical and Biological Properties Amelioration in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

作　　者：王志刚[1] 郭洋楠[2] 毕银丽[1] 裘浪[1] 江彬[1] 彭苏萍[1] 张延旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司技术研究院,陕西榆林719315

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第24期163-170,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574253);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(2013AA102904);神华科技创新资助项目(CSIE13023514)

摘　　要：以神东煤矿采煤沉陷地种植的复垦植物（野樱桃、文冠果、欧李和山杏）为试材,采用野外原位监测和室内分析方法,研究了未接种和接种丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM）真菌对植物生长状况及沙土化学和酶活性的影响。结果表明：接种AM真菌的野樱桃、文冠果、欧李和山杏苗木根系形成了典型的菌根结构,侵染率为47%-52%,菌丝密度均达到4m·g-1以上,植物地上部和根系干质量均显著高于未接种处理;同样地,植物成活率、株高、地径和叶色值均显著高于未接种处理;接种AM真菌处理的土壤碱解氮、有机质、总球囊霉素含量、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性显著增加,土壤速效磷、速效钾含量显著降低。因此,接种AM真菌显著改善了极端干旱贫瘠的神东采煤沉陷区复垦植物的生长、土壤化学和生物学性状,为应用AM真菌进行矿区生态恢复提供了依据。The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation on the growth of wild cherry,Shiny leaf Yellowhorn,Cerasus humilis,apricot and the major soil chemical properties and enzymatic activities in the degenerated sandy soil by using in-situ field monitoring and lab analyzed methods in Shendong coal mining-induced subsidence area wereinvestigated.The results showed that mycorrhizal colonization rates were 47%-52%,external hyphal density was more than 4m·g-1 soil,aboveground parts and root dry weight were improved significantly,and the typical mycorrhizal structures were formed in the roots of the above four plant species by using AM inoculums.Similarly,plant vegetative growths were improved significantly by inoculation of AM via increasing survival rate,plant height,ground diameter and leaf SPAD.Also,available N,organic matter,GRSP,acid phopshatase,sucrase and urease and nitratase activities of soil was significantly higher and reduced olsen P and available K in the inoculation treatments than those in the non-inoculated treatments.Thus,AM fungi dramatically enhanced the extremely poor and arid coal mining-induced subsidence soil restoration by improving typical plant growths and chemical or biological properties of soil,which could provide some suggestions for long-term ecological improvements by using AM inoculums.

关 键 词：采煤沉陷区 AM真菌 复垦植物 土壤化学性状 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]