新型绿色起爆药1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑钾的晶体结构及性能研究  

Crystal Structure and Properties of a Novel Green Initiation Explosive Dipotassium 5,5'-bis( tetrazole-1-oxide)

作　　者：张至斌 尹磊[1] 李彤[1] 秦涧[1] 殷昕[1] 张建国[1] ZHANG Zhi-bin YIN Lei LI Tong QIN Jian YIN Xin ZHANG Jian-guo(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 , China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2016年第12期1173-1177,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室基金资助(YBKT16-04)

摘　　要：以1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑(BTO)为起始原料合成了新型绿色起爆药——1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑钾(BTOK)。用缓慢蒸发法首次培养了目标化合物的单晶,并通过X-射线单晶衍射测定了其晶体结构。通过差示扫描量热分析技术(DSC)和热重分析技术(TG-DTG)研究其热分解行为。测定了其5 s延滞期爆发点,摩擦感度,撞击感度和50%发火能量。结果表明,K^+与BTO形成7配位不对称结构,不同片层的BTO与K^+交替排列相互连接,构成三维网状结构。BTOK的热分解起始温度为307℃,表明其热稳定性良好,且放热过程具有明显起爆药特征。5 s延滞期爆发点为321℃,70°摆角、1.23 MPa条件下BTOK的摩擦感度爆炸百分数为56%,800 g落锤下,撞击感度H_(50)为22.5 cm,静电火花感度50%的发火能量为0.21 J。A novel green initiating explosive-dipotassium 5,5′-bis（tetrazole-1-oxide）（BTOK） was synthesized using 1H,1′H-5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate（BTO） as starting material.The single crystal of target compound was cultivated by the slow evaporation method, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.The thermal decomposition behavior of BTOK was investigated through DSC and TG-DTG technologies.Its 5 s explode temperature, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity and 50% fire energy were measured.Results show that the K＋ and BTO2-form a dissymmetrical structure;in different layers, they are alternately arranged and connected with each other, forming a three-dimensional network structure.BTOK has a good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature beginning at 307 ℃ and its exothermic process has obvious primary explosive characteristics.For BTOK, the 5 s explosive temperature is 321 ℃, the friction sensitivity of BTOK is 56%, under the condition of 70°, 1.23 MPa, the impact sensitivity （H50） is 22.5 cm, with the drop hammer of 800 g and the 50% fire energy of electrostatic spark sensitivity is 0.21 J.

关 键 词：起爆药 1 1′-二羟基-5 5′-联四唑钾(BTOK) 晶体结构 热分析 感度 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]