机械球磨法制备纳米HNS及其热分解性能  

Thermal Decomposition Performance of Nano HNS Fabricated by Mechanical Milling Method

作　　者：宋小兰[1] 王毅[2] 刘丽霞 安崇伟[1] 王晶禹[1] 张景林[1] SONG Xiao-lan WANG Yi LIU Li-xia AN Chong-wei WANG Jing-yu ZHANG Jing-lin(School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051 , China School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051 , China North Blasting Technology Co. , Ltd. Yangquan Branch, Yangquan 045000, China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051 [2]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051 [3]北方爆破科技有限公司阳泉分公司,山西阳泉045000

出　　处：《含能材料》2016年第12期1188-1192,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51206081)

摘　　要：为细化六硝基茋(HNS),采用高能球磨法制备出了平均粒径为94.8 nm的纳米HNS炸药。用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外(IR)、X光电子能谱(XPS)、DSC-IR和5 s爆发点,进行了HNS样品的表征和分析。结果表明,球磨后炸药的微观形貌呈类球形,粒度呈正态分布。机械球磨作用并未改变HNS原有的晶型、分子结构、及表面元素,说明该制备纳米HNS方法十分可靠。纳米HNS热分解的表观活化能较原料HNS高12.4 kJ·mol^(-1),说明纳米HNS分子的活化需要更高的能量。纳米HNS被加热后分解成了大量的CO_2和少量H_2O,而N元素以非极性的N_2分子存在。纳米HNS的5s爆发点(T_(5s))较原料高12.2℃,说明纳米HNS具有更低的热感度。To refine the hexanitrostilbene（HNS）, nanometer HNS explosive with average particle size of 94.8 nm was prepared by a high energy ball milling method.The characteristics and analysis of the HNS sample were performed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffractometry（XRD）, infrared（IR） spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, DSC-IR analysis and 5s explosion temperature.Results show that after ball milling, the micro morphology of the explosive is nearsr-pherical, and the particle reveals a normal distribution.The mechanical ball milling action does not change the original crystal form, molecular structure, and surface elements of HNS, showing that mechanical milling is a kind of reliable method for fabrication of nanometer HNS.The apparent activation energy of thermal decomposition of nanometer HNS is 12.4 kJ·mol-1 higher than that of raw HNS, indicating that the activation of nano HNS molecules requires a higher energy.After heating, nanometer HNS decomposes into a large number of CO2 and a small amount of H2O, while the N element is present in the non polar N2 molecule.The 5 s explosion temperature of nanometer HNS is 12.2 ℃ higher than that of raw HNS, meanting than the nanometer HNS has lower thermal sensitivity.

关 键 词：纳米炸药 六硝基茋(HNS) 活化能 分解产物 5s爆发点 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]