婴幼儿支原体肺炎与年长儿支原体肺炎的临床分析  

Clinical Features of Mycoplasma Pneumonia Between Infants and Elderly Children

作　　者：陈慧青 CHEN Huiqing(The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Boluo County, Huizhou 516100, China)

机构地区：[1]博罗县妇幼保健院儿科,广东惠州516100

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2016年第12期1605-1606,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨婴幼儿支原体肺炎与年长儿支原体肺炎的临床特征及治疗方法。方法选取我院自2012年4月至2015年7月收治的100例支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象，将其按照年龄分为两组：0～3岁的婴幼儿组及3～15岁的年长儿组，对比分析两组患儿的临床症状、X线表现。确诊后均给予不同浓度阿奇霉素治疗。结果两组患儿的咳嗽症状无明显差异（P〉0．05），伴喘鸣音、湿口罗音、体温有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。胸部X线显示婴幼儿组间质浸润、小叶实质浸润、肺段实质浸润性病变与年长儿比较具有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。支原体检测发现两组的血清MP-IgM抗体阳性率具有统计学差异（P〈0．01），肺炎支原体DNA无统计学差异（P〉0．05），婴幼儿胸片以小叶实质浸润性病变为主，年长儿以肺段实质浸润性病变为主。治疗结束后，对所有患儿进行随访，两组患儿治愈87例，好转12例。1例患儿临床症状好转但胸部X线片仍有异常。所有患儿平均住院天数为9．5d。结论不同年龄儿童的支原体肺炎临床症状不同，胸部X线存在差异，临床医生要确定合理的诊断标准。制定有针对性的治疗方案．使患儿症状得到明显改善。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in infants and elderly children. Methods 100 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia admitted to our hospital from April 2012 to July 2015 were selected as research objects. According to the age, all cases were divided into infant group （aged from 0 to 3） and elderly children group （aged from 3 to 15）. The clinical symptoms and X-ray findings were compared between two groups. All cases were treated with different concentrations of azithromycin. Results The cough symptoms of two groups had no significant difference （P 〉0.05）, while the wheezing sound, rales, temperature had significant differences between two groups （P 〈0.01）. The chest X-ray showed that interstitial infiltration, leaflet parenchyma infiltration and pulmonary infiltrative parenchymal lesions had significant differences between two groups （P 〈0.01）. The detection of mycoplasma showed that the positive rate of MP-IgM antibody had significant difference between two groups （P 〈0.01）, and mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA had no significant difference （P 〉0.05）. Chest radiograph showed that infants mainly had parenchymal infiltrative lesions, while elderly children mainly had pulmonary infiltrative parenchymal lesions. Among 100 cases, 87 cases were cured, 12 cases were improved, 1 case had improved clinical symptoms, but the chest X-ray film was still abnormal. The average length of hospital stay in all cases was 9.5 d. Conclusions Children of different ages have different clinical symptoms ofmycoplasma pneumonia, and different findings in chest X-ray. Clinicians will determine reasonable diagnostic criteria, make for targeted treatment programs, so as to improve children＇s symptoms significantly.

关 键 词：支原体肺炎 婴幼儿 年长儿 临床分析 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]