退火温度对微纳结构316L不锈钢组织和性能的影响  

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline-microcrystalline Structural 316L Stainless Steel

作　　者：吴丹[1] 魏福安[1] 喇培清[1] 孟倩[1,2] 王鸿鼎[1] 师婷[1] 魏玉鹏[1] 盛捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州交通大学机电学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《铸造技术》2016年第12期2557-2562,共6页Foundry Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(5156010046)

摘　　要：采用铝热熔化法制备了纳米晶/微米晶复相316L不锈钢,研究了铸态和600-1 000℃退火态下钢的组织和力学性能特征。结果表明：随退火温度升高,纳米晶和微米晶的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,微米晶的体积分数逐渐提高。1 000℃退火后组织中出现了Fe Ni Cr Al金属间化合物相。600℃退火后抗拉强度最大,约574 MPa,伸长率为6.5%。800℃退火后,拉伸屈服强度和抗拉强度分别降至240 MPa和515 MPa,伸长率升高至18.2%。1 000℃退火后拉伸屈服强度和抗拉强度进一步降低,但塑性提高,伸长率达到41.2%。316L stainless steel with nanocrystalline-microcrystalline dual-phase was prepared by an aluminothermic reaction casting. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the steel annealed at different temperatures were characterized. The result shows that the average grain sizes of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline increase with annealing temperature increasing, as well as volume fraction of the microcrystalline. FeNiCrAl intermetallic compound phase appears after the steel is annealed at 1 000 ℃. After annealing at 600 ℃, the steel has the highest tensile strength of about 574 MPa, with a tensile elongation of 6.5 %. After annealing at 800 ℃, both the tensile yield strength and tensile strength decrease to 240 MPa and 515 MPa, respectively, Whereas the tensile elongation increases to 18.2 %. After annealing at 1 000 ℃, the tensile yield strength and tensile strength decrease further, however the plasticity enhances and the tensile elongation reaches up to 41.2 %.

关 键 词：316L不锈钢 铝热反应 纳米晶/微米晶复相组织 退火温度 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG142.71[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG156.2[金属学及工艺—金属材料]