石家庄市冬季重污染过程特征及成因研究  

Study on the Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Winter Heavy Pollution Episodes in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：王筠[1] 周静博[1] 徐曼[1] 韩军彩[2] WANG Yun ZHOU Jing-bo XU Man HAN Jun-cai(Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Station1,Shijiazhuang 050022,P. R. China Shijiazhuang Meteorological Service2,Shijiazhuang 050081 ,P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市环境监测中心,石家庄050022 [2]石家庄市气象局,石家庄050081

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2016年第34期127-133,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

摘　　要：利用石家庄市大气环境监测数据和气象观测资料,对比分析了2015年12月6日至13日和12月21日至26日石家庄市两次持续性重污染天气过程的演变特征及主要影响因素。结果表明:两次重污染过程持续时间长、污染程度重,PM2.5对污染过程的影响大,但污染物变化趋势和浓度水平存在差异。高低空稳定的天气形势配置是两次重污染过程形成的直接原因。在这些天气形势影响下,气温低(<1.5℃)、湿度高(平均相对湿度>75%)、风速小(<1.5 m/s)、气压低(<1016 h Pa),大气层结稳定,逆温层厚、混合层高度低(<750 m),是造成两次重污染过程的重要原因。燃煤、机动车尾气是石家庄冬季重污染的主要污染源,东北部、北部和西南部周边污染物的输送对重污染天气的形成发展也有一定的影响。Characteristics and formation mechanism of two continuous heavy pollution episodes were analyzed based on the atmospheric environmental monitoring data and meteorological data from December 6 to 13 and December 21 to 26,2015 in Shijiazhuang. The results showed that the two heavy pollution episodes were long lasting, heavy and contributed more by PM2. 5. But the changes and concentrations of pollutants were differences during the two heavy pollution episodes. Steady circulation situation configuration of upper and surface layer was the immediate cause of the two heavy pollution episodes. Under this situation, there were low temperature （ 〈 1.5℃）, high rela- tive humidity（mean relative humidity 〉75% ）, small wind speed（ 〈 1.5 m/s）, low pressure（ 〈 1 016 hPa）, steady atmospheric stratification,thick inversion layer and low mixed layer height（ 〈 750 m） that were the important cause of the two heavy pollution episodes. The coal and vehicle emissions were major pollution sources in winter of Shijiazhuang. Therefore, the surrounding pollutants transported from northeast, north and southwest had certain contribution to formation mechanism of the heavy air pollution episode.

关 键 词：重污染 气象影响 污染来源 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]