中国体彩业竞争环境的缺陷评析与制度改进  

The Defect Assessment of Competitive Environment and Its Promotion of Legal System in China Sports Lottery Industry

作　　者：张璇[1] 杨成[2] 段宏磊[3] 李丽[4] ZHANG Xuan YANG Cheng DUAN Hondei LI Li(School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China Sehool of PE, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China School of Law, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430073, China School of PE, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]武汉商学院体育学院,湖北武汉430056 [3]华中农业大学法学院,湖北武汉430073 [4]江汉大学体育学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2016年第4期287-291,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:14BTY007)

摘　　要：依照产业组织的ISCP分析范式依次对中国体彩业的法律制度、市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效4要素进行分析,发现中国体彩业竞争环境存在如下4个缺陷:角色不清晰的市场规制法律制度、双寡头垄断经营状态、消费者权利受损的不当经营行为、从公众向部门的福利转移。当中,制度要素构成了目前体彩业竞争环境不佳的核心要素,它既是造成结构、行为和绩效若干负面表现的直接原因,又是推动结构、行为和绩效三要素之间陷入恶性循环的根本原因。因此,市场规制法律制度的不佳是体彩业竞争乱象的根本症结:作为规制者的财政部无法真正落实其监管职责;而作为经营者的体彩管理中心又政企合一,诱发了道德风险。未来应当同时对体彩业的规制者和经营者做出制度改进:在规制者层面,要在对我国"政企一体式""委员会式"和"行业主管式"3种市场规制结构比较分析的基础上,采纳最适合体彩业的"行业主管式"规制结构,在财政部下设一个专司彩票监管的"彩票监督管理局",统一负责彩票的全程规制。在经营者层面,要在参照我国铁路业市场规制法律制度改革有效经验的基础上,仿照中国铁路总公司的经营模式,依照《全民所有制工业企业法》成立"中国体育彩票总公司",取代目前体彩管理中心的体彩经营职能。Followed by the legal system of China lottery industry, market structure, market conduct and market performance is analyzed in accordance with the four elements ISCP analysis paradigm of industrial organization, we found that there are four defect China lottery industry competitive environment： the role of market regulation is not clear in the legal system, duopoly operating state, improper business practices damaged consumer rights transferred from wel- fare to the public sector. Among system elements constitute the current poor core elements lottery industry competitive t, it is both the direct cause of the structure, conduct and performance of a number of negative performance, but also to promote caught between structure, conduct and performance of the three elements of the root causes of the vicious circle. Thus, poor market regulation legal system is the fundamental crux Lottery competition chaos： a Regula- tion of the Ministry of Finance can not really implement its regulatory responsibilities ; and as the operator of the Lottery Management Center and combination of government function and enterprise management induced moral hazard. The future should be at the same time the regulator lottery industry and operators to make system improvements： at the regulator level, in comparison to the analysis of China＇s ＂one-government and enterprises,＂ ＂committee type＂ and ＂indus- try executives formula＂ three kinds of market regulation structure based on the adoption of best fit ＂competent＂ type lottery industry regulatory structure in the Ministry of Finance under the supervision of a specially ＂Bureau of Lottery Administration, ＂ unity is responsible for the entire lottery regulation. In the opera- tor level, in reference to China＇s railway industry market regulation reform and effective legal system based on the experience, modeled on China railway busi- ness model, in accordance with the ＂State-owned Industrial Enterprise Law＂ set up ＂China Sports Lottery Corporation＂, to repla

关 键 词：体彩业 竞争环境 ISCP分析范式 市场规制法律制度 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]