前陆盆地钾盐矿床成因及模式——以西班牙北部埃布罗盆地为例  

Genesis and formation model of potash deposits in foreland basins: A case study of Ebro Basin, northern Spain

作　　者：王立成[1] 刘成林[1] 王延路[2] WANG LiCheng LIU ChengLin WANG YanLu(MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿床地质》2016年第6期1243-1256,共14页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：国家重点发展研究计划项目("973"计划)(编号:2011CB403007);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41572067)联合资助

摘　　要：前陆盆地蕴藏有巨量的钾盐资源,而对于其内的钾盐矿床成因和模式还欠缺系统的总结。西班牙埃布罗盆地是由于伊比利亚和欧亚块体碰撞而形成的前陆盆地。始新世晚期(约36 Ma)海水完全从盆地退出后,在极端干旱气候作用下,由于碰撞造山导致盆地的封闭作用,在南比利牛斯前陆盆地系统的前渊带(即埃布罗盆地北部)形成了典型的厚层含钾石盐_光卤石的正常海相蒸发岩序列。后期受到构造挤压作用,钾盐地层以盐底劈的形式出露在背斜核部。埃布罗盆地钾盐成因是构造、气候和物源三者耦合作用的结果,与中国库车前陆盆地有很大的相似性。据此,作者建议可重点关注盆地南北盐丘地带苏维依组蒸发岩以及卤水的迁移方向。The foreland basin hosts huge reserves of potash salts, although there is no systematic summary ofme gene- sis and formation model of potash salts deposits. The Ebro Basin is a typical foreland basin produced by the colli- sion between Euro-Asia and Iberia plates. Nearly isochronous sea retreat that occurred at the late Eocene （36 Ma） led to the transition from marine to continent. Basin closure caused by orogeny and continentalization com- bined with arid climate led to precipitation of relatively thick typical marine evaporite sequences containing sylvite and carnallite in the fore-deep area of South Pyrenean foreland systems. Potash salts were exposed in the core of the anticlines as salt diapirs after successive tectonic compression. Potash salts in the Ebro Basin are the coupling mechanism of tectonism, climate, and source, similar to features of the Kuqa foreland basin. It is thus held that further work should focus on the evaporites in the Suweiyi Formation in salt domes and transportation of the brines.

关 键 词：地质学 前陆盆地 钾盐矿床 钾盐矿床模式 埃布罗盆地 

分 类 号：P619.211[天文地球—矿床学]