新型全腔输出半透明阴极相对论磁控管的理论和数值研究  

Theoretical and numerical investigations of the novel relativistic magnetron using all-cavity output and semi-transparent cathode

作　　者：杨温渊[1] 董烨[1] 董志伟[1] Yang Wen-Yuan Dong Ye Dong Zhi-Wei(Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Belting 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]北京应用物理与计算数学研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《物理学报》2016年第24期235-243,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11305015;11475155);中国工程物理研究院科学技术发展基金(批准号:2015B0402091)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：为减小器件的体积和重量,提高器件的实用性,在轴向渐变输出结构半透明阴极相对论磁控管的基础上,提出了全腔耦合输出结构半透明阴极相对论磁控管,并对其进行了理论分析和数值模拟.采用全腔输出结构后,器件互作用区径向半径由10.5 cm降到6.6 cm,轴向长度由大于40 cm降到小于30 cm,器件尺寸显著减小.通过对输出结构的参数优化,在注入电子束电压和电流分别约为395 kV和5.6 kA、外加磁场为4.75 k Gs(1 Gs=10^(-4)T)时,模拟在S波段获得了效率约50%的微波输出,输出功率达到1.15 GW,模式更加纯净.同时还分析了耦合孔的长度、宽度和深度以及输出波导的宽度和短路面起始位置等参数对输出性能的影响规律.Relativistic magnetron is a kind of compact cross-field high power microwave source. It has the virtues of wide frequency tunability and ability to operate with relative lower external magnetic field. To improve the compactness and reduce the size and weight of the relativistic magnetron further, a novel relativistic magnetron using all-cavity output and semi-transparent cathode is investigated theoretically and numerically. By using the all-cavity output structure, the radial dimension is reduced markedly （from 10.5 cm to 6.6 cm） and the axial dimension is also shortened considerably （from larger than 40 cm to less than 30 cm）. Since the radiation fields in the interaction cavity are coupled through the coupling hole to the output fan waveguide, the cutoff frequencies of the fundamental mode and three higher order modes in the fan waveguide with different outer radii are calculated. The calculation results show that the mode separation is wide enough for the single mode operation on the fundamental mode. And by using the semi-transparent cathode, the high output efficiency can be obtained and the output characteristics are insensitive to the depth and width of each cathode slot. To verify the characteristic of the proposed magnetron, numerical simulations are carried out by using the three-dimensional particle-in-cell code. After careful optimization, simulations show that with a beam voltage of 395 kV and beam current of 5.6 kA, 1.15 GW output microwave with an efficiency of about 50% can he obtained at S-band with purer mode. The corresponding applied magnetic field is 4.75 kGs （1 Gs = 10^-4 T）. In a relatively large range, both radiation power and the optimal magnetic field increase with the beam voltage. But the output efficiency keeps almost unchanged. The effects of the depth, width and length of the coupling hole, width of the fan waveguide a and the distance from the beginning position of the fan waveguide to the coupling hole center Lsc on the output characteristics are also

关 键 词：相对论磁控管 半透明阴极 全腔耦合输出 

分 类 号：TN123[电子电信—物理电子学]