膏盐岩层系在海相油气成藏中的潜在作用  

Potential role of gypsum strata series in marine hydrocarbon accumulation

作　　者：刘文汇[1,2] 赵恒[3,4,5] 刘全有[2] 周冰 张殿伟[2] 王杰[1,2] 卢龙飞[1,2] 罗厚勇[1,2] 孟庆强[2] 吴小奇 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工集团公司油气成藏重点实验室,江苏无锡214151 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [4]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气资源研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《石油学报》2016年第12期1451-1462,共12页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB214801);国家自然科学基金石油化工联合基金重点项目(No.U1663201)资助

摘　　要：膏盐岩层系作为理想的盖层被广泛关注,随着勘探和研究的不断深入,逐步发现膏盐岩层系在油气运移、储存、圈闭等过程中都发挥着重要作用。近年来,中国海相油气勘探在鄂尔多斯盆地东部、塔里木盆地中部、四川盆地西部等地区的含膏盐岩层系中不断取得突破,从而引发了高演化、低丰度膏盐岩层系成为油气来源这一问题的思考。在概要梳理膏盐岩层系在储-盖方面研究进展的同时,主要从烃源岩发育环境及成烃机理方面对膏盐岩层系烃源岩的发育和生烃潜力进行探究,认为膏盐岩层系包括中国高演化低有机碳含量的膏盐岩层系可以作为良好的烃源岩,这突破了低有机碳含量膏盐岩层系无法作为有效烃源的传统观点。高演化低有机碳含量膏盐岩层系中被低估的生烃物质、优质的生烃物质在地质历史中大量生烃转化和以有机酸盐形式存在的生烃物质是认识其生烃机理的关键。Gypsum strata series have attracted wide attention as the ideal cap.Along with the continuous deepening of exploration and research,it is gradually found that gypsum strata series play an important role in the process of hydrocarbon migration,preservation and trap.In recent years,constant breakthroughs have been made in the gypsum-bearing strata of eastern Ordos Basin,central Tarim Basin and western Sichuan Basin during China＇s marine hydrocarbon exploration,thus leading to the consideration on the possibility of high-evolution and low-abundance gypsum strata series as hydrocarbon source.This paper briefly summarizes the research process of gypsum strata series in the aspect of reservoir and cap rock,and also explores the development and hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in gypsum strata series from the perspectives of the development environment and hydrocarbon generation mechanism of source rocks.It is believed that the gypsum strata series including China＇s high-evolution and low-TOC gypsum strata series are favorable source rocks,thus breaking through the traditional viewpoint that gypsum strata series were unable to be effective source rocks.In the high-evolution and low-TOC gypsum strata series,the underestimated hydrocarbon generation materials,the massive hydrocarbon generation and conversion of high-quality hydrocarbon generation materials in the geological history as well as the hydrocarbon generation materials in the form of organic acid salt are the keys to understanding the hydrocarbon-generation mechanism.

关 键 词：膏盐岩层系 生烃潜力 成烃碳 生烃机理 烃源岩 储层 盖层 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]