不同沉降方式下大型储罐的变形与应力分析  

Deformation and stress analysis of large storage tanks under foundation settlement

作　　者：黎伟[1,2] 宋伟[1,2] 宋金丽[1,2] 雷鸿翔 袁圣桐 杨牧[1,2] 周妍竹 LI Wei SONG Wei SONG Jin-li LEI Hong-xiang YUAN Sheng-tong YANG Mu ZHOU Yan-zhu(Institute of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]石油天然气装备教育部重点实验室,四川成都610500

出　　处：《空间结构》2016年第4期78-84,共7页Spatial Structures

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51274171)

摘　　要：大型石油储罐是一种短柱圆形薄壁壳体结构,对地基沉降十分敏感,其中地基局部不均匀沉降和地基整体倾斜对罐体的影响最为关键.采用有限元方法,研究分析了在地基整体倾斜1.5°和地基局部不均匀沉降达到20mm的情况下,大型石油储罐的变形形态以及应力分布特征.结果表明,地基整体倾斜沉降最大变形发生在储罐中下部,最大Mises应力发生在罐壁下部;局部不均匀沉降最大变形发生在敞口顶部,变形形态表现为褶皱式扭曲凹凸,并且具有简谐波形的特性;罐壁内最大Mises应力位于局部沉降区域内的罐壁和底板焊接处.结果同时也表明,地基整体倾斜沉降和局部不均匀沉降都会造成储罐较大的径向变形而导致浮盘升降困难,减小储罐的容量;罐周局部不均匀沉降还会造成罐壁与底板的焊缝撕裂,导致储液泄漏.A large oil storage tank is a short cylindrical thin-wall structure,which is especially sensitive to foundation settlement.The localized differential settlement and global tilt are the key factors to affect tank body.In this paper,the FEM is used for the study of deformation shape and stress distribution on the tank shell of large oil storage tank under the global tilt on 1.5degree and the localized differential settlement approaching to 20 mm.The results indicate that the maximum deformation occurs in the middle-low part of the tank and the maximum Mises stress occurs in the bottom of the tank under the global tilt.Under the localized differential settlement,the maximum deformation occurs on top of the tank.Deformation shape of the tank is concavo-convex distortion in draping and features harmonious wave,and the maximum Mises stress occurs in the welds of the tank shell and the bottom of tank.The results also indicate that the global tilt and localized differential settlement will cause radial deformation of tanks,leading to difficulty in floating cabin lifting and reduction of the tank capacity.The localized differential settlement will disrupt the welds of the tank shell and bottom,leading to oil leaking.

关 键 词：大型储罐 整体倾斜沉降 局部不均匀沉降 储罐变形 储罐应力 

分 类 号：TU33[建筑科学—结构工程]