浅谈流体力学流量特性的矛盾与统一  

Contradictionand Unity of the Continuity Equation and Throttling Characteristics

作　　者：袁晓明[1,2] 罗成[1,2] 李明[3] YUAN Xiao-ming LUO Chengl＇ LI Ming(Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Mechinery Fluid Power Transimission and Control,Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging ＆ Stamping Technology and Science （Yanshan University）,Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China Faculty of Science,Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学河北省重型机械流体动力传输与控制重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]先进锻压成形技术与科学教育部重点实验室(燕山大学),河北秦皇岛066004 [3]燕山大学理学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《教育教学论坛》2017年第3期210-211,共2页Education And Teaching Forum

摘　　要：流体力学是液压与气压传动的理论基础,液压与气压传动是流体力学的延伸和发展。在流体力学的学习和研究过程中,一直存在着表面上似乎相互矛盾的问题,即从连续性方程来看,当管道半径增大时,其过流断面面积同样增大,流体平均流速减小;然而根据节流口的节流特性,可通过改变节流口过流断面面积控制流经过流断面的流量。从表面上理解,连续性方程与节流方程的结论存在矛盾。在对二者物理意义进行理论分析的基础上,以数学公式的方式进行了推导计算,揭示了上述表面矛盾的本质,得出了两者并不矛盾,且可以相互统一的结论。Fluid mechanics is the theoretical basis for hydraulic transmission,in the learning process of the hydraulic fluid mechanics,there has been a problem to the surface to be contradictory,namely from the continuity equation,when the flow pipe radius increases,its closure area also increases,the fluid average flow velocity decreases.According to the properties of throttling mouth,however,by controlling the throttle mouth shut off to control the size of the area through the intercepting traffic below.Understand from the surface,and the equation of continuity of conclusion.In this paper, from both the physical significance of the nature has carried on the theoretical analysis and mathematical model was derived from both,it is concluded that the two are not contradictory,and can be unified.

关 键 词：流体力学 连续性方程 节流口 节流特性 

分 类 号：G642.41[文化科学—高等教育学]