Trend in Coral-Algal Phase Shift in the Mandapam Group of Islands, Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve, India  

作　　者：M. Machendiranathan L. Senthilnathan R. Ranith A. Saravanakumar T. Thangaradjou S. B. Choudhrys S. K. Sasama M. Machendiranathan;L. Senthilnathan;R. Ranith;A. Saravanakumar;T. Thangaradjou;S. B. Choudhrys;S. K. Sasama(Center of Advanced Studies in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai - 608502, Tamilnadu, India;Academy of Maritime Education and Training (AMET) University, Center for Maritime Information Services,Chennai - 603112, Tamilnadu, India;Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute ( CMFRI), Fishery Environment Management Division,Kochi - 682018, Kerala, India;Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi - 110070, India;National Remote Sensing Center, lndian Space Research Organization, (Dept. of Space, Govt. of India),Balanagar, Hyderabad - 500625, Andhra Pradesh, lndia)

机构地区：[1]Center of Advanced Studies in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai - 608502, Tamilnadu, India [2]Academy of Maritime Education and Training (AMET) University, Center for Maritime Information Services,Chennai - 603112, Tamilnadu, India [3]Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute ( CMFRI), Fishery Environment Management Division,Kochi - 682018, Kerala, India [4]Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi - 110070, India [5]National Remote Sensing Center, lndian Space Research Organization, (Dept. of Space, Govt. of India),Balanagar, Hyderabad - 500625, Andhra Pradesh, lndia

出　　处：《Journal of Ocean University of China》2016年第6期1080-1086,共7页中国海洋大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Remote Sensing Center, ISRO-Hyderabad for providing financial supports

摘　　要：The present study revealed proliferation of macro-algae modifying coral reef ecosystems in a different manner due to diseases and sedimentations in the Mandapam group of islands in the Gulf of Mannar. Benthic surveys were conducted with major attack of seven coral reefs diseases with high sedimentation rate, nine species of fleshy macro-algae(Turbinaria ornata, Turbinaria conaides, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa racemosa, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Padina gymnosphora, Sargassum wightii, Ulva reticulata and Calurpa lentillifera) proliferation against major corals life forms(Acropora branching, Acropora digitate, Acropora tabulate, coral massive, coral submassive, coral foliose and coral encrusting). The results confirm that diseased corals most favor to macro-algae growth(15.27%) rather than the sedimentation covered corals(8.24 %). In the degradation of coral life forms, massive corals were more highly damaged(7.05%) than any other forms. Within a short period of time(May to September), coral coverage shrank to 17.4% from 21.9%, macro-algae increased 23.51% and the average sedimentation rate attained 77.52 mg cm^(-2) d^(-1) with persisting coral reef diseases of 17.59%. The Pearson correlation showed that the coral cover decreased with increasing macro-algae growth, which was statistically significant(r =-0.774, n = 100, P < 0.0005). The proliferation of the various macro-algae C. scalpellifrmis, T. ornata, C. racemosa, T. conaides, U. reticulata, S. wightii, K. alvarezii, P. gymnosphora and C. lentillifera increased with percentages of 6.0, 5.8, 5.7, 4.9, 4.2, 3.7, 2.7 and 1.9, respectively. If this trend continues, the next generation of new recruit corals will undoubtedly lead to a phase shift in Gulf of Mannar corals.The present study revealed proliferation of macro-algae modifying coral reef ecosystems in a different manner due to diseases and sedimentations in the Mandapam group of islands in the Gulf of Mannar. Benthic surveys were conducted with major attack of seven coral reefs diseases with high sedimentation rate, nine species of fleshy macro-algae （Turbinaria ornata, Turbinaria conaides, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa racemosa, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Padina gymnosphora, Sargassum wightii, Ulva reticulata and Calurpa lentillifera） proliferation against major corals life forms （Acropora branching, Acropora digitate, Acropora tabulate, coral massive, coral submassive, coral foliose and coral encrusting）. The results confirm that diseased corals most favor to macro-algae growth （15.27%） rather than the sedimentation covered corals （8.24 %）. In the degradation of coral life forms, massive corals were more highly damaged （7.05%） than any other forms. Within a short period of time （May to September）, coral coverage shrank to 17.4% from 21.9%, macro-algae increased 23.51% and the average sedimentation rate attained 77.52 mg cm-2d-1 with per- sisting coral reef diseases of 17.59%. The Pearson correlation showed that the coral cover decreased with increasing macro-algae growth, which was statistically significant （r=-0.774, n= 100, P〈 0.0005）. The proliferation of the various macro-algae C. scalpel lifrmis, T. ornata, C. racemosa, T. conaides, U. reticulata, S. wightii, K. alvarezii, P. gymnosphora and C. lentillifera increased with percentages of 6.0, 5.8, 5.7, 4.9, 4.2, 3.7, 2.7 and 1.9, respectively. If this trend continues, the next generation of new recruit corals will undoubtedly lead to a phase shift in Gulf of Mannar corals.

关 键 词：climate change SEDIMENTATION disease proliferation recovery MACROALGAE Mandapam Gulf of Mannar 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]