钯基氧还原反应电极的构筑及其在水处理领域的研究进展  

Recent Progress on Palladium-Based Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrodes for Water Treatment

作　　者：孙猛[1,3] 李景虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]清华大学化学系,北京市微量分析与仪器重点实验室,北京100084 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2017年第1期198-210,共13页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研究和发展项目(2016YFA0203101);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB934004);国家自然科学基金(51572139);清华大学计划科研项目资助~~

摘　　要：发展氧气还原反应(ORR)的二电子高效电催化剂一直是燃料电池领域的研究热点,但针对具有二电子还原特征且可应用于水处理领域电极材料的研究还处在起步阶段。本综述介绍了近年来二电子还原特征的贵金属电极材料及其在电催化处理水中污染物的研究进展。在Fe^(2+)存在下,Pd基电极材料催化氧气还原合成H_2O_2,间接催化氧化水中有机污染物,实现有机物的矿化降解和水质的净化;Pd基电极催化还原水中有机污染物、无机盐等,将其转化为低毒性、易处理产物并彻底去除;Pd基催化电极的高效电子传导性能增强了水中重金属离子的氧化/还原转化,实现重金属去除。本综述展望了纳米电极材料在水处理应用的机遇与发展方向。Developing highly efficient electrode catalysts with the four-electron oxygen reduction pathway has remained a research hotspot in fuel cell research. However, the pursuit of novel electrode catalysts possessing the specific two-electron reduction route for water treatment is challenging. In this review, we focus on recent progress in electrocatalytic treatment of refractory pollutants in water by palladium （Pd）-based noble metal electrodes. We highlight： （i） the degradation and mineralization of organic pollutants through electrocatalytic oxidation derived from the combination of Fe^2＋ and H2O2, which can be in-situ synthesized by Pd based electrodes; （ii） electrocatalytic reduction transformation from toxic organic pollutants and inorganic salts to harmless products by Pd-based electrodes; and （iii） removal of heavy metals by redox conversion via Pd-based electrodes. The future opportunities and prospects of applying noble metal nanocatalysts in water treatment are discussed.

关 键 词：电催化 氧气还原 电极材料 水处理 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O643.36[理学—物理化学]