生活污水对珠江口渔业水域环境的影响评价  

Impact of domestic sewage on fishery ecological environment in the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：潘澎[1] 赖子尼[1] PAN Peng LAI Zi-ni(Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广州510380

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2016年第6期616-622,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：基金项目:农业部珠江重要渔业水域常规监测;珠江重要渔业水域主要经济物种产卵场及洄游通道调查

摘　　要：以2011～2015年间以及2001年度珠江口水域渔业生态环境监测数据为基础，选取pH、溶解氧、总氦、总磷4个监测指标，分析研究了近5年来的变化趋势特点及其年代间差异。结果表明：2011～2015年间，珠江口水域pH值指标尚处于相对合理范围内，但呈现波动上升趋势；溶解氧指标仅2015年符合地表水Ⅱ类水质标准和渔业水质标准，从中长期来看呈逐步下降趋势；总氮含量显著超标、总磷含量超标幅度略低，但均较2001年水平有大幅上升。目前，珠江口水域生活污水对渔业生态环境影响整体仍处于重污染状态。基于上述研究结果，建议相关管理和执法部门强化珠江口水域及整个珠江流域的生活污水排放与处理监管，以期逐步改善和提高珠江口水域渔业生态环境质量。Based on the monitoring data of fishery ecological environment of the Pearl River Estuary in the period of 2011 -2015 and the year 2001, we selected four environmental indicators, pH, dissolved oxygen （DO）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP）, analyzed the characteristics of the variation trend and their chronological differences. The results showed that the pH value of the Pearl River Estuary in the period of 2011 -2015 was still within a relatively reasonable range, but the trend was rising. About the DO, only the year 2015 met the class ]I of environmental quality standards for surface water. For the medium and long term, it will show a gradually declining trend. TN significantly exceeded the standards. TP exceeded the standards slightly. Both TN and TP increased significantly compared with that of the year 2001. We got the conclusion that the impact of the domestic sewage on the fishery ecological environment in the Pearl River Estuary was severe, and the water was contaminated heavily. In order to improve the water quality of fishery ecological environment in the Pearl River Estuary, we recommended that administrative and law enforcement organizations should strengthen the sewage treatment and regulation.

关 键 词：生活污水 珠江口 渔业水域环境 影响 评价 

分 类 号：X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]