三峡水库不同调控方式对坝下游河道演变影响  

Effect of different regulation modes on river channel evolution in downstream of Three Gorges dam

作　　者：徐涛[1] 王敏[2] 周曼[3] 向阳[1] 黄仁勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]三峡水利枢纽梯级调度通信中心,湖北宜昌443133 [2]长江水利委员会长江科学院,湖北武汉430010 [3]中国长江三峡集团公司枢纽运行管理局,湖北宜昌443133

出　　处：《人民长江》2016年第24期6-11,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51339001);国家"十二五"水专项(2014ZX07104-005);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB12B01;2013BAB12B02;2013BAB12B04)

摘　　要：受长江上游干支流来水来沙减少、梯级水库蓄水拦沙等多方面因素影响,三峡水库坝下游水沙过程及河道演变发生了明显变化。采用数学模型作为研究手段,开展了三峡水库不同调控方式对坝下游河道演变影响的初步研究。结果表明:不同控泄流量对坝下游河道冲淤总量有一定影响,但影响程度有限,随着水库运用年限的增加,不同控泄方案间的差异有所减小;不同典型河段均表现为河槽冲刷下切、洲滩冲刷萎缩的演变趋势,且随着时间的延长,冲刷强度有所减小,河段的河势总体变化不大,平面形态及深泓摆动幅度较小;控泄洪峰流量减小后,河道演变的趋势变化不大,但大部分河段的河槽冲刷增大,表现为河槽冲深增加和槽宽增大。With the impact of the runoff and sediment transportation reduction from trunk stream and tributaries in upper rea- ches as well as the water storage and sediment blocked by upstream cascade reservoirs, the series of runoff and sediment transpor- tation and the evolution of river channel in the lower reaches of TGP dam have changed significantly. The effect of different regu- lation modes of the Three Gorges reservoir on the downstream river channel evolution .is studied by using the numerical model cal- culation. The results show that different discharge would affect the erosion and sediment deposit at a limited extent ; with the ac- cumulation of reservoir operation period, the difference among different discharge schemes would reduce; scouring is expected in all different sections of river channel and shrink is predicted for islands and beaches; however, the scouring would decrease, river regime tends to be stable and the thalweg swing scope become smaller with time; when the flood peak discharge is cut by the res- ervoir operation, the evolution trend of river channel tends to stable, while scouring increase in most parts of the channel appea- ring as the expansion and deepening of the channel.

关 键 词：河道演变 数学模型 调控方式 三峡水库调度 长江中下游 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程]