“谁X……”反预期非疑问构式的认知分析  

The Cognitive Sturdy of “Shei X……” Non-interrogative Construction in Counter-expectation

作　　者：肖金芳[1] XIAO Jin-fang(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037 Anhu)

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范学院文学院,安徽阜阳236037

出　　处：《阜阳师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期65-69,共5页Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：由疑问代词"谁"和简单性动词成分"X"构成的"谁X……"非疑问结构是一种构式。当言者针对语境提出与预料相背的信息时,该说话者表达的是一个反预期信息。通过对"谁X……"非疑问构式的典型代表"谁知/知道……"类和"谁让……"类句法语义功能的考察,发现它们既表达反预期的信息,广义上是"否定"义,又有着共同的生成动因。语义的去范畴化和认知主体的回溯推理是"谁X……"反预期非疑问构式产生的认知动因。＂Shei（ 谁）X……＂ non-interrogative construction is composed of interrogative pronoun ＂shei（ 谁）＂and simple verbs＂X＂.When a speaker in a given context says something out of the expectation of the listener, it is called as counter-expectation. ＂Shei（谁）X……＂ non-interrogative construction is to express a counter-expectation and negation after analyzing the syntactic and semantic function of ＂shei zhi/zhi dao……＂ and ＂shei rang……＂, which have the same generation mechanism. Decategorization and reductive inference in communication are the cognitive motivation of ＂shei X……＂non-interrogative construction in counter-expectation.

关 键 词：“谁X……”非疑问构式 反预期信息 去范畴化 回溯推理 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]