分子标记辅助黄淮大豆生育期组归属研究  

Maturity group classification of soybean varieties with molecular marker in Huang-Huai region

作　　者：黄志平[1] 王维虎[1] 张磊[1] 胡晨[1] 于国宜 李杰坤[1] 胡国玉[1] 吴倩[1] 王大刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所/安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省龙亢农场农科所,安徽龙亢233426

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2016年第6期713-721,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571687;31201235);安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目(15A0202);国家大豆产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04);南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室开放课题(ZW2013)

摘　　要：以13份美国大豆生育期组（maturity group,MG）标准品种为对照,于2013-2015年对47份黄淮主推品种和新选育大豆品种进行生育期组划分,并用与生育期相关的SSR标记Satt431、Satt215和Satt557进行分子辅助鉴定。结果表明：47份参试品种3年平均生育日数归MGIV的品种数最多,有31份,占参试品种数的65.95%;归到MGIII和MGV的分别有6和10份,占12.77%和21.28%。3年均归在同一生育期组内的品种有蒙1157-1、蒙1158-1和徐9302-204等13份,占27.66%,说明这些品种受环境因子影响较小,生育期比较稳定。用于辅助鉴定大豆生育期组的3个SSR标记对47份平均生育日数归属MGIII和MGV的选择效率分别为83.33%和90.00%,而归属MGIV品种的基因型较为复杂。研究发现,参试品种3年平均生育日数96-104d,株高46.22-85.90cm,主茎节数12.20-19.04节,其中2014年参试品种平均株高和主茎节数的变异系数均最小。归属MGII-MGIV的大豆品种平均株高和主茎节数随生育期组增加而升高,但MGV则反之。本试验结果为利用分子标记辅助大豆生育期组的划分提供依据与方法。Maturity group （MG） is a main method for the classification of soybean varieties based on characteristic of growth period. 47 of the major local and new soybean varieties of Huang-Huai region were identified and classified with 13 MG standard varieties from the USA. Three simple sequences repeat （SSR） markers Satt431, Satt215 and Satt557, associated with soybean MG, were used in this study. The results showed that 31 soybean varieties belonged to MGIV, accounted for 65.95%; 6 and 10 soybean varieties were classified into MGIII and MGV, accounted for 12.77% and 21.28% respectively. 13 varieties including Meng1157-1, Meng1158-1 and Xu9302-204 etc. could be classified into the same MGs in 2013, 2014 and 2015, accounted for 27.66%. The variation of climatic factors had less effect on soybean growth period for these varieties. 47 varieties were identified with SSR markers Satt431, Satt215 and Satt557, and the accurate rate of markers assisted selection for MGIII and MGV were 83.33% and 90.00% respectively. In addition, the genotypes of soybean varieties belonged to MGIV were more complicated than those of other MGs. The number of growing days of the tested varieties were between 96 and 104, their plant height were between 46.22 and 85.90 cm，their nodes of main stem were between 12.20 and 19.04. The plant height and nodes number of main stem of tested varieties had the smallest coefficient of variance in 2014. Their average plant height and their nodes number of main stem showed positive correlation with MGII-MGIV, but negative with MGV. The results of this experiment could provide a foundation for soybean growth period classification based on the genotypes of MGs.

关 键 词：大豆 生育期组 SSR标记 划分 

分 类 号：S565.103[农业科学—作物学]