低温水灌溉对花生根际土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响  

Effects of irrigation with low temperature water on soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient of peanut rhizosphere

作　　者：史普想[1,2] 刘盈茹[1] 张晓军[1] 王月福[1] 王铭伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学/山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109 [2]辽宁省风沙地改良利用研究所,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2016年第6期811-816,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：科技部"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04);国家花生产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14-东北区栽培);山东省高校优秀科研创新团队建设项目(6212n2);山东省现代农业产业技术体系花生产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-05-022-05)

摘　　要：在电动防雨旱棚水泥池栽控水条件下,系统地研究了结荚初期4-16℃低温水灌溉对花生根际土壤温度、土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明：低温水灌溉显著降低地表至30cm土层地温,随时间推移,不同温度低温水处理间地温差异减小,至72h趋于一致;显著降低花生根际土壤中过氧化氢酶活性、土壤脲酶活性、转化酶活性和磷酸酶活性,提高土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量,对土壤碱解氮和p H值影响较小。灌溉水温越降低,对土壤温度、酶活性和养分含量的影响越大。研究结果为探明低温水灌溉引起花生减产的原因和合理灌溉提供了理论依据。The article systematically studied the effects of irrigation with low temperature water （4℃ - 16℃） on soil temperature, soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient of peanut rhizosphere at early podding stage under the condition of automatically rainproof shed and cement pool. Result showed that low temperature water irrigation could significantly decrease the temperature of soil layer between 0-30cm, differences among treatments reduced gradually until 72h as the time went on. Irrigation significantly reduced the activity of catalase （CAT）, urease （URE）, invertase （INV）, phosphatase （ACP） of peanut rhizosphere, increased the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and hardly influenced the soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen and soil pH. The effects on soil temperature, soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient became more obvious with the decrease of water temperature. This research provided a better understanding of the effect of low temperature irrigation on production reduction.

关 键 词：低温水灌溉 土温 花生根际土壤 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S565.201[农业科学—作物学]