绿植携带扶桑绵粉蚧的甲酸乙酯熏蒸技术研究  

Postharvest ethyl format fumigation for control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley on green plants

作　　者：刘涛[1] 李丽[1] 李柏树[1] 赵菊鹏[2] 詹国平[1] 王跃进[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100029 [2]广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心

出　　处：《植物检疫》2016年第6期13-16,共4页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD08B02);国家质检总局技术支撑专项"2016动植物检疫处理专项"

摘　　要：为了研发绿植中携带扶桑绵粉蚧的溴甲烷替代处理技术,本文测定了甲酸乙酯对扶桑绵粉蚧的毒力及对玉麒麟、蝴蝶兰、绿萝、龙骨和富贵竹5种常见绿植的影响。耐受性实验表明,扶桑绵粉蚧的卵对甲酸乙酯熏蒸最为耐受。室内毒力实验表明,甲酸乙酯的毒力与熏蒸温度和时间正相关,熏蒸温度从5℃升至30℃,达到99.9968%死亡率所需的甲酸乙酯熏蒸剂量由50.68 g/m^3降至34.15 g/m^3;熏蒸时间从2 h增加到6 h,25℃下达到99.9968%死亡率所需的甲酸乙酯熏蒸剂量由38.86 g/m^3降至18.22 g/m^3。进一步的品质测定结果表明,除绿萝外,玉麒麟、蝴蝶兰、龙骨和富贵竹均对甲酸乙酯熏蒸有较好的耐受。这些结果表明,甲酸乙酯可有效杀灭商业绿植携带的扶桑绵粉蚧,在国内调运检疫和出口检疫中有较好的应用前景。In order to establish a methyl bromide alternative technology for the control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley on green plants,effects of ethyl format fumigation on survivorship of P. solenopsis and quality of green plants were investigated in this study. Tolerance comparison test showed that P. solenopsis eggs were the most tolerant to ethyl format among all stages. Laboratory toxicity test showed that the toxicity of ethyl format increased with higher temperature and longer exposure time. The doses required to achieve 99.9968% mortality dropped from 50,68 g/m^3 to 34.15 g/m^3,when the temperature increased from 5℃ to 30 ℃. And this value reduced from 38.86 g/m^3 to 18.22 g/m^3,when the exposure time increased from 2 h to 6 h. In further quality evaluation tests,no adverse effects were detected in all green plants including Eephorbia neriifolia,Phalaenopsis sp. ,Euphorbia trigona and Dracaena sanderiana,expect for Epipremnum aureum. All these results indicated that ethyl format had great potential to control P. solenopsis on green plants before domestic transportation or export.

关 键 词：甲酸乙酯 扶桑绵粉蚧 熏蒸 绿植 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]