重金属铜污染土壤修复牧草植物选择研究  

Forage Plant Selection for Heavy Metal Copper Polluted Soil Remediation

作　　者：李致颖[1] 韩旭[1] 吕月玲[1] LI Zhi-ying HAN Xu LV Yue-ling(College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A ~ F University, Yangling, Shaanaci 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第12期30-35,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研项目(201104002-4)

摘　　要：为了选择能够富集重金属铜或对铜具有耐性的牧草植物,以修复铜污染土壤,利用土培方法,研究紫花苜蓿、三叶草和紫穗槐等3种树草种植物在不同铜浓度水平（0%、17%、20%、25%、33%、50%、100%）下的发芽能力和苗木生长指标、苗木生物量以及植株全铜含量的变化。结果表明：紫穗槐和紫花苜蓿的发芽情况表现为＂低促高抑＂现象,分别在20%和33%铜浓度下发芽势最高（P〈0.05）,100%铜浓度下最低（P〈0.05）。然而,100%铜浓度对三叶草无明显影响（P〉0.05）,三叶草的发芽率/势在17%~50%铜浓度下显著升高（P〈0.05）。紫穗槐的苗高、根长和生物量在铜浓度≥25%时显著降低（P〈0.05）,仅根长在20%铜浓度下显著升高（P〈0.05）。紫花苜蓿的苗高和地径分别在25%和20%~50%铜浓度下显著升高（P〈0.05）;各铜浓度对根长和生物量无显著影响（P〉0.05）。三叶草的苗高、根长和生物量分别在20%~50%和20%的铜浓度下显著升高（P〈0.05）,生物量在铜浓度≥33%时显著降低（P〈0.05）;各铜浓度对地径无显著影响（P〉0.05）。三种植物对铜的吸附能力依次为三叶草〉紫穗槐〉紫花苜蓿,建议选择三叶草用于西北地区铜污染土壤的生态恢复。To select heavy metal copper hyper-accumulators or copper tolerant plants to remediate copper contaminated soil,by using soil culture method,the changes of germination ability indicators,seedling growth indicators and copper content of three woody and herb plants（Medicago sativa,Trifolium repens,and Amorpha fruticosa）under different copper concentration levels（0%,17%,20%,25%,33%,50% and 100%）were studied.Results showed that Amorpha fruticose and Medicago sativashowed＂lowpromoting and high-repressing＂phenomenon.The highest germination potential of Amorpha fruticose and Medicago sativa appeared at 20% and 33% copper concentration respectively（P〈0.05）,and the lowest values appeared at 100% copper concentration（P〈0.05）.On the contrary,100% copper concentration had no significant effect on Trifolium repens（P〉0.05）.Germination rate and potential of Trifolium repens increased significantly under 17%~50% copper concentration（P〈0.05）.The seedling height,root length and biomass of Amorpha fruticose significantly reduced when copper centration equaling or aboue25%（P〉0.05）.The root length increased significantly when copper concentration 20%（P〈0.05）.The seedling height and ground diameter of Medicago sativaincreased significantly at 25% and 20~50% copper concentration respectively;different copper concentration had no significant effects on root length and plant biomass（P〈0.05）.The seedling height,root length and biomass of Trifolium repens increased significantly at 20~50% and 20% copper concentration（P〈0.05）.The biomass reduced significantly when copper concentration equaling or above 33%（P〈0.05）;different copper concentration had no significant effects on ground diameter（P〉0.05）.The sequence of copper absorption ability of three plants was Trifolium repens〉Amorpha fruticosa〉Medicago sativa.In conclusion,Trifolium repens was suggested to be selected for the ecological restoration of copper contaminated soil in the northwest districts.

关 键 词：铜 重金属污染 种子萌发 幼苗生长 植物修复 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]