新生儿高胆红素血症与听力损伤的研究进展  

Research progress of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and hearing injury

作　　者：盛王涛 李菁[1] 步军[1] 贝斐[1] 张国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海儿童医学中心,上海200127

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2016年第32期155-158,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：新生儿高胆红素血症是临床上新生儿科最常见的疾病之一,是生后第一周住院的主要原因,动态监测胆红素变化、及时有效的退黄处理、明确病因及评估核黄疸高危因素,并制定出院随访计划,对于防治高胆红素血症和胆红素脑病有着积极而重要的意义。急性胆红素脑病及核黄疸的国内外报道并非罕见,一旦发生则其不良预后对患儿影响极大,严重的神经系统后遗症包括听力障碍、视觉异常和智能落后等,因此受到许多学者的重视。对新生儿高胆红素血症所致听力损伤进行适时、有效、安全、经济的早期识别与干预,减少不必要的治疗和医疗资源浪费,是国内外医学界多年来努力的方向。本文就新生儿高胆红素血症与听力损伤的现状和进展进行综述。Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical neonatal diseases, which is the main reason for hospitalization in the first week after birth. Dynamic monitoring of bilirubin changes, timely and effective treatment of jaundice, clarifying the causes, assessment of risk factors for nuclear jaundice, and developing a follow-up plan after discharge play positive and important significance for the prevention and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin encephalopathy. Acute bilirubin encephalopathy and nuclear jaundice reported at home and abroad are not uncommon.If they occur, its poor prognosis shows great impact on the children. Severe neurological sequelae include hearing impairment, visual abnormalities and mental retardation, therefore many scholars attach importance to it. Timely, effective,safe and economical early diagnosis and treatment of hearing impairment induced by neological hyperbilirubinemia and reduce unnecessary wastes of treatment and medical resources are the direction of efforts in the medical fields at home and abroad for many years. In this paper, the current situation and progress of neological hyperbilirubinemia and hearing impairment are reviewed.

关 键 词：新生儿高胆红素血症 听力损伤 早期识别 干预 随访 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]