小麦持风力及风力缓冲作用的研究  

Upright-keeping and Wind Cushioned Abilities of Wheat

作　　者：刘水利[1] 宋瑜龙[2] 李够霞[3] 王新刚[1] 刘社农[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学场站管理中心,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2016年第12期1787-1791,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171611);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金(2015)~~

摘　　要：为了研究小麦的抗风倒能力，设计小麦持风力测验仪，利用风洞提供风源，测试不同品种穗、旗叶和上部茎段的持风力差异，分析不同茎秆强度的品种对风力的缓冲效果。结果表明：旗叶的持风力与上部0．30m长的茎段持风力相当，穗的持风力是旗叶持风力的2～3倍。穗长差超过0．02m，其持风力差异显著（P〈0．05）。不同强度茎秆对风力缓冲效果不同，较小的茎秆强度品种‘周麦18’，对于强风（风速大于11m／s）具有较大的缓冲效果，其抗倒风力与‘AT15’同为15m／s。因此，穗的持风力是主要致倒力，茎秆强度较小的品种风力缓冲效果优于茎秆强度较大的品种。The wind-induced lodging of wheat is not only related to both of wind force and wheat ability of withstand wind. To study windthrow resistance of wheat, a wheat ability of withstand wind tester was designed in this study. The wind was supplied by wind tunnel, the ability of withstand wind of the spike,flag leaf and distal part of stem were tested in different cultivated varieties. In addition,the cushioning effect of different stalk strength on the wind was analyzed. The result showed that the ability of withstand wind of both flag leaf and its distal part of stem were about 0.30 m. The ability of withstand wind of spike was 2-3 times than that of flag leaf. The difference of the ability of withstand wind was significant （P〈0.05）, only when the difference of spike length would be more than 0.02 m. There were different cushioning effects on wind because of the different stalk strength. ＇Zhoumai 18＇ with a relatively small stalk strength performed larger of cushioning effect on strong wind （wind speed）11 m/s）. Identical as ＇AT15＇ ,the level of lodging resistance of ＇Zhoumai 18＇ was 15 m/s. Therefore,the ability of withstand wind of spike was the main lodging ability of the wind. Cushion of the ability of withstand wind, stem strength smaiier varieties is superior to the stem strength larger varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 穗 茎秆强度 持风力 缓冲作用 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]