吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品强制隔离戒毒人员一般情况比较分析及对策建议  

STUDY OF CROSS-CHECKING CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEATURES OF SYNTHETIC DRUG AND NARCOTIC DRUG DETAINEES ON COMPULSORY ISOLATED DRUG DETOXIFICATION AND REHABILITATION

作　　者：蔡成华[1] 王丽娟[1] 孔燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市安康医院,北京101300

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2016年第6期522-526,536,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的:通过比较吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品强制隔离戒毒人员一般情况的异同,从而提出对吸食新型合成毒品的强制隔离戒毒人员的预防教育对策建议。方法:对2008年1月1日-2015年12月31日收治的3993名强制隔离戒毒人员,按照吸食毒品的种类分为吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品强制隔离戒毒人员,在年龄、受教育程度、户籍所在地、民族、职业、婚姻、吸毒方式及吸毒史等方面进行两组对照比较。结果:吸食新型合成毒品在强戒人员所占的比例分别为:2008年占29.0%,2009年占24.0%,2010年占36.0%,2011年占47.0%,2012年占46.0%,2013年占62.0%,2014年占66.0%,2015年占84.0%。可以看出百分比例总体呈上升的趋势,尤其是近四年;在年龄组成与职业构成上,吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品强制隔离戒毒人员有统计学的显著差异(χ2=143.38,181.94,P=0.000),两者在20岁以下,21-30岁及41-50岁之间年龄段有显著差异(χ2=21.15,133.14,17.92,P=0.000);总体两者均为40岁以下人员为主体(吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品的比例分别为72.7%,64.5%)。职业上虽然两者均以无业者为最多(吸食新型合成毒品与传统毒品的所占比例分别为57.9%、77.2%),但在个体工商者、固定工作者、农民等有固定收入上差距显著(χ2=57.26,13.07,126.48,P=0.000),说明吸食新型毒品的人员以有固定职业者居多;户籍所在地方面:吸食新型合成毒品人员中外地人口多(χ2=45.311,P=0.000);文化程度上两者有统计学的差异(χ2=95.84,P=0.000),吸食新型合成毒品人员的文化程度较高;在吸毒方式及吸毒史上两者之间有明显差异(χ2=743.93,244.25,P=0.000),两组强戒人员吸毒均以烫吸为主(99.0%,69.1%),但是新型合成毒品极少数使用注射的方式;吸食新型合成毒品强戒人员吸毒时间比传统毒品要短,吸毒史以三年以下为主。结论:吸食新型合成毒品强戒人员成不断上升的趋势,呈现年龄、文�Objective： To compare identical and different characteristics between detainees abusing synthetic drugs and those abusing narcotic drugs and put forward preventative as well as educative countermeasures and suggestions about treating synthetic drug abusers in compulsory isolated drug detoxification and rehabilitation.Methods： There were 3993 drug abuse detainees which had been sent to compulsory isolation drug treatment from January 1st,2008 to December 31 st,2015 were divided into two groups： synthetic drug abusers and narcotic drug abusers. We cross-checked and analyzed the following aspects between these two groups： age,educational background,the seat of the registered residence,nationality,occupation,marriage,means of taking drug,history of drug abuse and so on.Results： The percentage that synthetic drug abusers occupied in aggregate drug abuse detainees varied in different years：29. 0% in 2008,24. 0% in 2009,36. 0% in 2010,47. 0% in 2011,46. 0% in 2012,62. 0% in 2013,66. 0% in 2014 and 84. 0% in 2015. From these figures we could find out an increasing tendency of synthetic drug abusers among the aggregate abusers,especially in the recent four years. On age composition and occupation structure,there were obvious differences in statistics（χ~2= 143. 38,181. 94,P = 0. 000）between synthetic drug abuse detainees and narcotic drug abuse detainees,and synthetic drug abusers under 40 years old took up 72. 7% of all synthetic drugs abusers while the under-40-year-old proportion also took up a majority of 64. 5% of all narcotic drug abusers,but there were notable distinctions between them in the age period from under 20,21 to 30,41 to 50. As for occupation structure,the unemployed took up a majority in both the two groups（57. 9% 、77. 2%）,but there were differences in statistics on individual industry and commerce or peasants. Most of synthetic drug abuse detainees had regular income（χ~2= 57. 26,13. 07,126. 48,P = 0. 000）. As for the seat of the registered residence,most of synthetic drug abu

关 键 词：强制隔离戒毒 新型合成毒品 传统毒品 对照分析 对策建议 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]