2006-2014年江苏省急性职业中毒事件分析  

Analysis of acute occupational poisoning incidents reported in Jiangsu province in 2006-2014

作　　者：徐健英 李文巍 韩磊[3] 白莹[3] 沈涵[3] 朱宝立[3] 张恒东[3] 

机构地区：[1]苏州工业园区疾病防治中心职业卫生科,江苏苏州215021 [2]南通大学 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2016年第6期536-540,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：江苏省科技厅临床医学科技专项-公共卫生关键技术应用研究(BL2014082);江苏省医学人才项目(LJ201130)

摘　　要：目的分析2006-2014年江苏省各地上报的急性职业中毒事件以及各辖市上报的急性职业中毒事件工作开展情况,依据《卫生部突发中毒事件卫生应急预案》,围绕突发性急性职业中毒的应急救援,借鉴发达国家成功经验,结合江苏省实际情况,指出现阶段急性职业中毒事件应急救援中存在的不足,为及时、高效开展急性职业中毒卫生应急救援,降低急性职业中毒死亡率提供科学依据。方法对2006-2014年江苏省各地上报的急性职业中毒事件以及各辖市上报的急性职业中毒事件工作开展情况进行分析和总结,用Excel表格进行数据录入,对这9年间江苏省报告的急性职业中毒资料进行描述性分析。结果江苏省自2006-2014年,累计报告急性职业中毒事例288起,平均每年32起;共有中毒患者460例;平均每年中毒人数为51.1人,平均每起急性职业中毒事件中毒人数1.6人,中毒人数整体呈逐年下降趋势;因急性中毒而死亡的总人数为13人,中毒死亡率为2.83%;事故共涉及39个行业,其中化学原料及化学品制造业报告人数最多,有151人,占32.8%;而导致急性中毒的化学物质多达58种,其中一氧化碳中毒人数最多,有74人,占16.1%;在时间分布上,急性职业中毒事故多发生在二、三季度。结论我国在职业中毒卫生应急救援方面起步较晚,发展迟缓,我省近几年来的急性职业中毒事件卫生应急救援情况整体呈滑坡趋势。急性职业中毒事件应急救援是时间紧迫、危害较大的事件,对于这类事件的卫生应急救援需要科学规划,建立和完善急性职业中毒应急救援体系。Objective To analyze acute occupational poisoning incidents reported in Jiangsu province through the years2006- 2014,and the acute occupational poisoning incidents of reported work carried out in the city. According to Ministry of health emergency poisoning accidents health emergency plan,around the emergency rescue of acute sudden occupation poisoning,learn from the successful experience of developed countries,combine with the actual situation in Jiangsu province,the acute occupation stage of poisoning,to point out the shortcomings of acute occupational poisoning incidents of emergency rescue and provide the scientific basis for the timely and efficient to carry out of acute occupational poisoning Health Emergency Rescue and reduce the mortality rate of acute occupational poisoning. Methods The reported events of acute occupational poisoning of Jiangsu Province in 2006- 2014 and reports of acute occupational poisoning among the cities were analyzed and summarized. By inputting the data of Excel table,the reports of acute occupational poisoning of Jiangsu province in nine years were analyzed descriptively. Results Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2014,reported a total of288 cases of acute occupational poisoning and a total of 460 cases of poisoning patients,the overall number of poisoning showed a declining trend year by year. The total number of deaths due to acute poisoning was 13,the poisoning mortality rate was 2. 83%. Accident involving a total of 39 industries,as many as 58 kinds of chemical substances leading to acute poisoning. In time distribution,acute occupational poisoning accidents occurred in the second and third quarters. Since2006- 2014 in Jiangsu Province,total of 288 cases of acute occupational poisoning were reported,32 events per year on average,the total number of poisoning patients was 460; the average annual number of poisoning of 51. 1 people,average per acute poisoning poisoning occupation number of 1. 6,the overall number of poisoning decreased year by year; the total number of deaths due t

关 键 词：急性职业中毒 应急救援 突发事件 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]