山东省高青县高血压及其危险因素的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey on hypertension and its risk factors in Gaoqing County of Shandong Province

作　　者：刘海宁[1] 闰秀莲 王媛媛[2] 于中飞[2] 王松艳[2] 代传芳 

机构地区：[1]山东省淄博市中心医院心血管内科,255000 [2]山东省淄博市中心医院高青院区心血管内科,256300

出　　处：《国际流行病学传染病学杂志》2016年第6期399-403,共5页International Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease

摘　　要：目的调查山东省高青县城镇及农村居民高血压流行病学现状，分析其危险因素。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法，于2015年3—8月对高青城镇及农村35岁以上居民进行高血压的流行病学调查，采用SPSS19．0统计软件进行统计学分析，采用二项Logistic回归分析对高血压相关危险因素进行分析。结果纳入调查人群5000人，完成全部调查内容者4686人。城镇及农村居民高血压患病率分别为30．21％及32．96％，差异无统计学意义（x2=0．04，P〉O．05）；城镇和农村的男性高血压发病率均高于女性，分别为32．50％：27．89％和37-33％：28．84％（x2=3．84，P〈0．05;x2=26．43，P〈O．01）。农村高血压患者中饮酒和吸烟人数构成、高血压患者的收缩压及舒张压水平均高于城镇高血压患者（x2=11．70，P〈0．01; x2=4．04，P〈O．05，t=3．64，P〈O．01；t=4．96，P〈0．01），而城镇居民体重指数、高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为（25．42±4．33）kg/m2,39．08％、30．80％和24．82％，均高于农村（t=11．51,x2=4．33、4．21、3．94，P均〈0．05）。城镇35-54岁中青年高血压患病率高于农村（P均〈0．01），55岁以上农村居民高血压患病率均高于城镇（P均〈0．01）。二项Logistic回归分析显示，年龄945岁（OR=4．12，P〈0．01）、高血压家族史（OR=22．78，P〈O．01）、吸烟（OR=4．05，P〈O．01）、饮酒（OR=3．73，P〈0．01）、高盐饮食（OR=7．79，P〈O．05）、甘油三酯水平（OR=4．42，P〈0．05）、超重或肥胖（DR=7．35，11．56，P均〈0．01）、腰围（OR=3．65，P〈0．05）是高血压的危险因素。结论山东省高青县35岁以上居民高血压发病率处于较高水平，农村居民对高血压的知晓及控制情况相对较差。要重点关注年龄945岁、高血压家族史、不良生活习惯、肥胖、高甘油三酯血症的危险人群。Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension in Gaoqing County of Shandong Province, and analyze the risk factors. Methods From March to August 2015, residents over 35 years old from the town and the rural areas in Gaoqing were selected by simple random sampling method and applied epidemiological survey on hypertension. The statistical analysis was conducted by software SPSS 19.0. The risk factors of hypertension were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 5 000 people were included in this survey, while 4 686 residents completed this survey. The prevalence rates of hypertension in the town and the rural areas were 30.21% and 32.96%, respectively, and the difference had no statistical significance（x2 = 0.04, P〉0.05）. The mortality of males in town and rural areas were both higher than females （32.50% vs 27.89% and 37.33% vs 28.84%） （x2= 3.84, P〈0.05 ; x2=26.43, P〈0.01 ）. The constituent ratio of drinking or smoking, and levels of systolic and diastolic pressure of hypertension patients in rural area were all higher than those in town （x2=11.70,P〈0.01 ; X2=4.04, P〈0.05; t=3.64, P〈0.01;t=4.96, P〈0.01）. BMI, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate in town were （25.42±4.33）kg/m2, 39.08%, 30.80% and 24.82%, which were all higher than those in rural area （t=11.51, X2= 4.33,4.21,3.94, Pall 〈 0.05）. The prevalence rate of hypertension of 35-54 aged people in town was higher than that in rural area （ P all 〈0.01）, while the prevalence rate of people over 55 years old in rural area was higher than town （P all 〈0.01）. The analysis of Logistic regression revealed that age over 45 （OR=4.12, P〈0.01）, family history of hypertension （OR= 22.78, P〈0.01）, smoking （0R=4.05, P〈0.01）, alcohol consumption（OR=3.73, P〈0.01）, excessive salt intake（OR= 7.79, P〈0.05）, level of triglyceride （OR=4.42,P〈0.05）, overweight （OR=7.35, P〈0.01）, obesity （OR=11.56, P〈 0.01） and waistline （OR=3.65, P�

关 键 词：高血压 流行病学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]