新探测仪器资料在短时强降水过程中的应用  

Application of New Detecting Instrument Data in Short-Time Heavy Rainfall

作　　者：崔雅琴[1] 张佃国[2] 龚佃利[2] 王洪[1] 张骞[3] 刘泉[2] 张秋晨[2] Cui Yaqin Zhang Dianguo Gong Dianli Wang Hong Zhang Qian Liu Quan Zhang Qiuchen(Shandong Meteorological Information Center, Jinan 250031 Shandong Weather Modification Office, Jinan 250031 Shandong Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031)

机构地区：[1]山东省气象信息中心,济南250031 [2]山东省人民政府人工影响天气办公室,济南250031 [3]山东省气象台,济南250031

出　　处：《气象科技》2016年第6期875-881,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省气象局重点项目(2012sdqxz07);山东省气象局面上项目(2014sdqxm09);山东省气象局青年科研基金项目(2014SDQN06)资助

摘　　要：结合新一代多普勒天气雷达观测,利用德国RPG-HATPRO-G3型14通道并行地基微波辐射计观测的温度和液态水路径数据、THIES公司THIES CLIMA LNM型地面激光雨滴谱仪获取的地面雨强资料,综合分析了2015年8月3日济南短时强降水天气过程逆温层分布特征、液态水路径变化、雨滴谱特征分布及拟合分析。结果表明,由于受强对流降水过程中的潜热增温作用,大气中存在逆温层,且较强;液态水含量存在较强的短时积聚现象,降水前液态水含量路径起伏较大,跃增非常明显,伴随降水强度的减弱,液态水路径起伏减小;整个降水过程中,前期雨滴谱呈现双峰分布,强降水和后期降水为单峰谱,雨滴谱特征符合Gamma分布。Combined with new generation Doppler weather radar,the temperature and liquid water path data from the 14-channel parallel ground-based microwave radiometer of German RPG-HATPRO-G3,and the ground precipitation data obtained from THIES CLIMA LNM ground laser raindrop spectrometer,the near-surface inversion layer distribution,liquid water path changes and raindrop spectrum distribution of a short-time strong precipitation weather process on 3August 2015 in Jinan are analyzed.It is concluded that due to the latent heat effect of warming in the strong convective precipitation process,there existed strong near-surface inversion layer in the surface layer.Liquid water content showed strong short-term accumulation phenomenon.Liquid water content path goes up and down quickly,and larger jump increased very significantly prior to precipitation.With the weakening of the intensity of precipitation,the liquid water path fluctuation decreased.In the whole process of precipitation,the early rain spectrum presents the bimodal distribution,but the heavy rain and late precipitation is unimodal spectrum.The Gamma fitting accuracy is higher.

关 键 词：微波辐射计 激光雨滴谱仪 液态水路径 逆温特征 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]