浙南春茶早春霜冻的时空分布特征  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Early Spring Frost for Spring Tea in Southern Zhejiang

作　　者：姜燕敏[1,2] 金志凤[3] 李仁忠[3] 张育慧 余文娟 Jiang Yanmin Jin Zhifeng Li Renzhong Zhang Yuhui Yu Wenjuan(School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 Lishui Meteorological Service, Zhejiang, Lishui 323000 Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310017)

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210093 [2]浙江省丽水市气象局,丽水323000 [3]浙江省气候中心,杭州310017

出　　处：《气象科技》2016年第6期1066-1070,共5页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306037);丽水气候生态创新团队项目(2015-1-2)资助

摘　　要：利用1971—2015年浙南7县(市、区)早春(2—4月)逐日气温观测资料,根据茶叶早春霜冻的气象灾害指标,采用多尺度趋势方法分别从空间、时间分析浙南茶叶早春霜冻的气候变化特征,并利用Mann-Kendall检验验证浙南茶叶早春霜冻的变化趋势和突变转折。结果表明:浙南茶叶早春霜冻发生次数较高,年均发生天数为16.8天,其中2月发生早春霜冻的可能性最高,且以轻度和重度霜冻为主。早春霜冻的空间分布结构由东南面向西北面递增,青田县发生早春霜冻的可能性最低,缙云县发生的可能性最高。茶叶早春霜冻日数的长期变化趋势表现为显著减少,且极端最低气温上升趋势明显,即浙南茶叶早春出现低温霜冻的可能性减小。浙南茶叶早春霜冻减少发生的突变点在20世纪80—90年代,且在21世纪初减少趋势最为显著。Based on early spring（February to April）daily temperature from 7county observation stations in the southern Zhejiang from 1971 to 2015,according to meteorological disaster indexes of early spring frost for tea,the multi-scale trend method is used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of early spring frost for spring tea in the southern Zhejiang and the Mann-Kendall test is applied to verify the trend,mutations and turning of early spring frost weather.The results show that the probability of early spring frosts occurred in the southern Zhejiang is high with an annual mean of 16.8d/a;the highest occurrence probability in February,mainly consisting of minor and severe frosts;as for the spatial distribution of early spring frost,the probability increases from southeast to northwest,the lowest in Qingtian,and the highest in Jinyun.The long-term trend of early spring frost days for spring tea shows a significant decreasing trend,and the extreme minimum temperature rose significantly,with the possibility of early spring frost reducing in the southern Zhejiang.The mutation of early spring frost reduction occurred in the 1980 sand 1990sin the southern Zhejiang,and the decreasing trend was the most significant in the early 21 th century.

关 键 词：茶叶 早春霜冻 极端最低气温 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]