清代前期京城市场上的双轨制  

The Dual-track System of the Capital Market in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：邓亦兵[1] Deng Yibing

机构地区：[1]北京市社会科学院

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2017年第1期152-160,共9页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"清代商税研究及其数据库建设(1644-1911)"(批准号:16ZDA29)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：双轨制是中国在经济体制转轨时提出的新理论。本文借用这个概念,指出清代前期(1644-1840)京城市场的住房和粮食供给制度的实质是政府和市场共同配置资源的双轨制,并对此双轨制产生的根源、优劣、相互间的矛盾以及政府理念与实践进行阐述。史实证明,政府和市场共同在住房和粮食供给方面发挥作用,能够较合理地解决京城百万人口的食宿问题。但政府行为不是创造制度或占有资源,而是监管市场中的不合理现象,并按照市场经济的发展规律因时制宜,才能更好地解决京城百姓的生活问题。The essence of the house and food supply in the early Qing dynasty （1644 -1840）is the dualtrack system which configurating resource in common by the government and the market. This paper will explain the origin, merits and demerits, and the contradiction of the dual-track system. Historical facts prove that the government and market play a role in house and food supply, which can properly solve the accommodation of millions of the city population. However, the government behavior is not to create the system or possess the resources, but to regulate the unreasonable phenomenon of the market, which should be in accordance with the law of the development of the market economy.

关 键 词：清代前期 北京 政府与市场 双轨制 

分 类 号：F729[经济管理—产业经济] K249[历史地理—历史学]