胆汁酸对加州鲈生长性能、形体指数及肌肉营养成分的影响  

Effects of bile acids levels on the growth performance,physical indicators and body composition of juvenileMicropterus salmoides

作　　者：朱龙[1] 程洁[1] 王竹青[2] 王强 吴燕秋[1] 周燕[1] 朱成科[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学荣昌校区水产系,重庆荣昌402460 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]重庆市璧山区养殖服务中心,重庆璧山402760

出　　处：《中国饲料》2017年第1期28-32,共5页China Feed

基　　金：重庆市生态渔业技术体系(40800115)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究胆汁酸对加州鲈生长性能、形体指数及肌肉营养成分的影响。选取初始体重为(12.67±0.22)g的加州鲈540尾,随机分为6组,分别投喂胆汁酸添加量为0、75、150、225、300、450 mg/kg的饲料(L1、L2、L3、L4、L5、L6),每组设3重复,每个重复30尾鱼,养殖60 d。结果表明:(1)各试验组加州鲈增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在胆汁酸添加量为150 mg/kg时,WGR和SGR达到最高,分别为206.09%和1.92%/d,较对照组提高了37.59%和22.29%/d(P<0.05);胆汁酸添加量为225 mg/kg时,PER最大,为164.06%,较对照组提高了31.78%(P<0.05),FCR最低,为1.56,较对照组降低了24.27%(P<0.05)。以二次方程回归可知,WGR、SGR、PER和FCR取得最佳时,胆汁酸添加量分别为311.08、311.29、270.00、271.05 mg/kg。(2)胆汁酸显著提高了加州鲈肥满度(P<0.05),降低了其脏体比、肝体比和脂肪沉积率(P<0.05)。(3)胆汁酸显著提高了加州鲈蛋白质含量(P<0.05),降低了其脂肪含量(P<0.05),但各试验组鱼体水分和灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,在饲料中添加适量的胆汁酸能提高加州鲈WGR、SGR和FCR,促进其生长,并且可降低FCR料肉比;同时可促进加州鲈体内脂肪代谢,降低机体脂肪沉积,提高其肌肉品质及可食部分比例。根据本试验的结果,建议加州鲈饲料中胆汁酸的添加量为270~311 mg/kg。This experiment aimd to investigate the effects of bile acids levels on the growth performance ,physical in- dicators and body composition in juvenile Micropterus sahnoides.A total of 540 healthy juvenile Micropterus salmoides with average weight （ 12.67±0.22）g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates of 30 Micropterus salmoides.The test fish were fed with the diet which added with 0,75,150,225,300 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg bile acids （the following are named as LI, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6）for 60 days.The results showed that ： （ 1 ）the weight gain ratio （WGR）, specific growth ratio （SGR）,protein efficiency ratio （PER）of the experimental groups were obviously higher than the control group （P 〈 0.05）, while the feed conversion ratio was obviously lower than the control group（P 〈 0.05）.The weight gain ratio and the special growth rate reached the maximum 206.09% and 1.92%/d when the group was added with 150 mg/kg bile acids.It was improved by 37.59% and 22.29% respectively compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）.When the group was added with 225 mg/kg bile acids,the protein efficiency ratio reached the maximum （164.06%）.h was improved by 31.78% compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）;the feed conversion ratio reached the lowest （1.56）.It was decreased by 24.27% compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）.According to the quadratic regression analysis,the weight gain ratio,specific growth ratio, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio reached the optimal when the dietary bile acids levels were 311.08,311.29,270.00 mg/kg and 271.05 mg/kg.（2）the bile acids greatly improved the relative fatness and reduced the dirty body ratio,liver volume ratio and fat deposition rate （P 〈 0.05）. （3）the bile acids greatly improved the crude protein and reduced the ether extract of the fish（P 〈 0.05）.However,the change of moisture and ash was not so obvious.As a conlusion,the proper amount of diet bile acids not only can improve the WG

关 键 词：加州鲈 胆汁酸 生长性能 形体指数 肌肉成分 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]