中药品质生态学:一个新兴交叉学科  

Quality Ecology on Chinese Medicines:New Emerging Cross Discipline

作　　者：黄林芳[1] 陈士林[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2017年第1期1-11,共11页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81130069);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81274013;81473315)

摘　　要：中药品质生态学是研究中药品质及与生态环境关系及机制的学科,是中药品质学与生态学交叉融合形成的新兴学科。本文首次提出中药品质生态学概念,分析了历史背景与发展,重点阐述了中药品质生态学的研究内容,包括中药品质、中药品质形成的生物学成因、药用生物分布、产地与生态因子的关系、优质药材产地生态适宜性与区划、生态系统调控与保护对中药品质的影响、优质中药资源开发利用、中药品质生态学理论体系与技术方法。总结了中药品质生态学的6个基本理论:环境生态论;品种品质延续与产地变迁论;可持续利用理论;生态型理论;逆境效应理论;基因特化理论。介绍了中药品质生态学的常用研究方法:化学评价方法、物理学评价方法、生物学评价方法与生态学评价方法。展望了中药品质生态学科发展方向:宏观-介观-微观双向多纬发展;多学科交叉与理论方法体系完善;生产实践与国际推广。Quality ecology on Chinese medicines（QECM）,the study of the relationship between medicinal biology and eco-environment,is a dynamic emerging discipline bringing together the quality of Chinese medicines and ecology to solve a wide range of quality of Chinese medicines and eco-environmental problems. Here,we propose the definition of QECM for the first time,describe the background and development,with focus on the research scope of QECM： quality of Chinese medicine,biological reasons of formation of quality of Chinese medicine,relationship between eco-factors and distribution,geographic origin of medicinal materials,regionalization and ecoadaptation for high quality Chinese medicine,eco-system regulation and protection effect on Chinese medicine,development and utilization of high quality Chinese medicine,basic theory and technique method. We also summarize the 6 basic theories： environmental ecology theory; variety,quality continuity theory; sustainable utilization theory;eco-type theory; stress-effect theory; gene specialization theory. Additionally,we introduce research methods of QECM,including chemical,physical,biological and ecological methods. Finally,we present the further direction of QECM： maco-meso-microscopic bidirectional multidimensional development; combination of multidiscipline and improvement of theory and technique; producing practice and worldwide promotion.

关 键 词：中药品质生态学 生态学 中药品质学 理论 方法 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]