致密砂岩储集空间多尺度表征——以松辽盆地齐家地区高台子油层为例  

Characterization of the pore space in tight sandstone reservoirs from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives: A case study of Gaotaizi reservoir in Qijia area,the Songliao Basin

作　　者：李易霖[1,2] 张云峰[1,2] 尹淑丽[3] 丛琳[1,2] 闫明[1,2] 田肖雄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学地球科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]非常规油气成藏与开发省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,黑龙江大庆163318 [3]中国石油新疆油田公司工程技术研究院,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《石油与天然气地质》2016年第6期915-922,共8页Oil & Gas Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41572132);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA064903);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(重点项目)(ZD2016007)

摘　　要：以松辽盆地齐家地区高台子油层三、四段致密砂岩储层为研究对象，利用纳米与微米CT、自动矿物识别系统（QEMSCAN）、MAPS图像拼接技术以及环境扫描电镜（ESEM）等非常规测试新技术，从宏观和微观两个尺度对齐家地区高台子致密储层空间进行表征。研究表明：①宏观尺度下，储层岩性主要以粉砂岩与泥质粉砂岩为主；层理构造多样，以块状层理、槽状交错层理、楔状层理和透镜状层理为主；砂泥间互特征明显，层理构造的多样性增强了致密储层的非均质性，块状层理最有利于致密油富集。②微观尺度下，孔隙具有微米-纳米连续分布的特征，微米孔隙峰值主要集中在2—3μm，纳米孔主体孔喉分布在200～300nm。不同三维建模区域孔喉空间分布及连通性特征具有明显的微观非均质性；微观孔隙结构类型以粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和微裂缝为主，孔隙度高值区对应有机酸高值区，存在较明显的耦合关系，受溶蚀作用控制显著。Comprehensive analyses are conducted to characterize the Gaotaizi tight reservoir in Qijia area from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, through Nano Micron CT, automatic mineral identification system （QEMSCAN）, MAPS image mosaic technology, and environmental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM）. From the macroscopic perspective, lithologies are mainly siltstone and argillaceous sihstone. The sedimentary bedding structures are diversified-massive bed- ding are the majority but cross-bedding, wedge bedding and lenticular bedding are also present. The obvious sand-shale interlayer and complicated sedimentary beddings commonly contribute to the heterogeneity of the tight reservoirs, even though the massive bedding is the most favorable for the enrichment of tight oil. The microscopic perspective reveals more interesting characteristics. Pores are continuously distributed in the micro to nano meter level, with the peak of micro pore sizes concentrated in the range of 2 - 3 ~m, and that of nano pores around 200 - 300 nm. Microscopic heterogeneity can be obviously displayed in the pore-throat spatial distribution and connectivity features of different 3D modeling areas. The main pore spaces are intergranular dissolved pore, intragranular dissolved pore and micro cracks. Moreover, high porosity generally corresponds to high concentration of organic acids, indicating the controlling of porosity by dissolution.

关 键 词：纳米孔喉 微米孔喉 微观非均质性 致密砂岩 齐家地区 松辽盆地 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]