常用杀虫剂对麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜羧酸酯酶活性的抑制及对高效氯氰菊酯的增效作用  

Inhibiting effects of common insecticides on carboxylesterase activity in Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi(Hemiptera: Aphididae ) and their synergism to beta-cypermethrin

作　　者：鲁艳辉[1,2] 高希武[2] LU Yan-Hui GAO Xi-Wu(Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,杭州310021 [2]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2016年第11期1151-1158,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203038)

摘　　要：【目的】有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类药剂对拟除虫菊酯的增效作用与其对羧酸酯酶（Car E）（EC3.1.1.1）活性的抑制有关。本研究旨在评价13种常用有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类药剂及4种增效剂在防治麦蚜中对高效氯氰菊酯的增效作用。【方法】利用离体活性抑制的方法测定了13种杀虫剂及两种Car E抑制剂对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae和禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi无翅成蚜Car E活性的抑制中浓度（I50）,利用玻璃管药膜法测定了8种杀虫剂及两种抑制剂分别与高效氯氰菊酯以3∶1混配后对两种麦蚜的毒力效果,采用共毒系数（co-toxicity coefficient,CTC）法评价其联合作用。【结果】除硫双灭多威外,测定的其他12种药剂对麦长管蚜Car E活性的抑制作用显著高于对禾谷缢管蚜Car E活性的抑制作用,其中敌敌畏对麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜Car E活性的抑制作用最强,I50分别为（5.40±0.74）×10^-8mol/L和（1.41±0.41）×10^-5mol/L。抗蚜威、灭多威、丁硫克百威、西维因、三唑磷、丙溴磷、马拉硫磷、敌敌畏及两种增效剂DEF和TPP分别与高效氯氰菊酯联合毒力测定表明,除丙溴磷外,上述药剂均可显著增强高效氯氰菊酯对禾谷缢管蚜的毒力,其中与马拉硫磷混配增效作用最强（CTC=467.59）;除灭多威、丙溴磷和马拉硫磷外,其余7种药剂均可显著增强高效氯氰菊酯对麦长管蚜毒力,CTC在146.87-626.30之间,其中与三唑磷混配的增效作用最强（CTC=626.30）。【结论】筛选出对两种麦蚜毒力效果较好的杀虫剂或增效剂与高效氯氰菊酯的组合,包括抗蚜威、丁硫克百威、三唑磷、敌敌畏、DEF和TPP,对小麦蚜虫的有效防治具有重要指导意义。【Aim 】The toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides can be synergized by organophosphates and carbamates through inhibition of insect carboxylesterase（ CarE） activity. This study aims to assess the synergism of 13 organophosphate and carbamate insecticides,and four synergists to beta-cypermethrin for the control of wheat aphids. 【Methods】The I50 values of 13 insecticides and two inhibitors to the CarE activities in Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi wingless adults were determined by using the method of in vitro inhibition. The method of the residual film in glass tube was used to determine the toxicity of each insecticide and its mixture with beta-cypermethrin（ 3 ∶ 1） to both wheat aphid species. Co-toxicitycoefficient（ CTC） was used to evaluate the synergism. 【Results】Except for thiodicarb,the other 12 insecticides showed significantly higher inhibiting effect on S. avenae than on R. padi. Dichlorvos mixed with beta-cypermethrin was the strongest inhibitor to the CarE activities of S. avenae and R. padi,with the I50 values of（ 5. 40 ± 0. 74） × 10^-8mol/L and（ 1. 41 ± 0. 41） × 10^-5mol/L,respectively. The joint-toxicity test of pirimicarb,methomyl,carbosulfan,carbaryl,triazophos,profenofos,malathion,dichlorvos,DEF and TPP respectively mixed with beta-cypermethrin showed that except for profenofos,all the other nine chemicals enhanced the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin to R. padi significantly. And malathion showed the strongest synergistic effect（ CTC = 467. 59）; and except for methomyl,profenofos and malathion,the other seven chemicals showed significant synergism to beta-cypermethrin against S.avenae with the CTC range from 146. 87 to 626. 30,of which the triazophos showed the highest CTC value（ 626. 30）. 【Conclusion】We identified a number of insecticides or synergists with higher toxicity against S. avenae and R. padi when used in combination with beta-cypermethrin,which include pirimicarb,carbosulfan,triazophos,dichlorvos,DEF and TPP. These results provide scien

关 键 词：麦长管蚜 禾谷缢管蚜 羧酸酯酶 增效作用 共毒系数 高效氯氰菊酯 

分 类 号：Q[生物学]