滴灌条件下广西香蕉氮磷钾吸收与分配特性研究  

NPK Uptake and Distribution of Banana under Fertigation in Guangxi

作　　者：张江周[1,2] 张涛[1,2] 余赟 方昭[1,2] 迟志广[1,2] 李宝深 李晓林 ZHANG Jiangzhou ZHANG Tao YU Yun FANG Zhao CHI Zhiguang LI Baoshen LI Xiaolin(Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, China Guangxi Jinsui Agriculture Co., Ltd., Nanning, Guangxi 532703, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源环境与粮食安全研究中心,北京100193 [2]广西金穗农业集团有限公司,广西南宁532703

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第12期2250-2255,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：创新研究群体科学基金(No.31421092);"广西特色作物试验站"项目;"政府间国际科技创新合作"重点专项(No.S2016G0053)

摘　　要：采用大田试验,研究滴灌条件下威廉斯B6香蕉氮磷钾吸收与分配特性,为该品种香蕉的科学施肥提供理论依据。在香蕉定植后30、60、105、135、165、195和255 d采集样品,分析不同生育期各部位氮磷钾含量。威廉斯B6干物质累积量为19 912.5 kg/hm^2。氮和磷养分吸收量分别为261.8、32.4 kg/hm^2。从定植到定植后195 d,氮磷的累积速率呈上升趋势,定植后195~255 d累积速率开始下降;而钾的吸收量为758.5 kg/hm^2,钾的累积速率在定植后165 d开始下降。从定植到定植后165 d,养分主要分布在叶片、假茎和球茎;定植后195~255 d,养分主要分布在叶片、假茎和果实。收获期,果实中氮磷钾含量占植株氮磷钾吸收量的29.9%、26.5%和12.7%。广西滴灌条件下,新植威廉斯B6香蕉每公顷需要吸收N 261.8 kg、P_2O_532.4 kg、K_2O 758.5 kg。‘Williams B6＇ was selected as the experimental material. The study was to investigate NPK uptake,accumulation and distribution plant crop banana under fertigation in Guangxi. The samples were collected and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from the planting day to 30, 60, 105, 135, 165, 195 and 255 d after planting was analyzed. The dry matter accumulation amount was 19 912.5 kg/hm^2, the N and P2O5 accumulation amount was 261.8 kg/hm^2 and 32.4 kg/hm^2, respectively. From planting day to 195 d after planting,the accumulation rate of nitrogen and phosphorus had a rising trend, after that the rate began to decline. And the K2O accumulation amount was 758.5 kg/hm^2, the accumulation rate of potassium declined 255 d after planting. The nutrient mainly distributed in the leaf, pseudostem and corm from the planting day to 165 d after planting, and the nutrient mainly distributed in leaf, pseudostem and fruit from 195 d to 255 d after planting. At harvest, the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fruit was 29.9%, 26.5% and 12.7% respectively. ‘ Williams B6＇ banana plants which were planted in Guangxi should absorb N 261.8 kg/hm^2, P2O5 32.4 kg/hm^2, K2O 758.5 kg/hm^2 under fertigation.

关 键 词：威廉斯B6 滴灌 氮磷钾吸收 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]