六点始叶螨[Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley)]对7种寄主植物的选择性研究  

Host Selectivity of Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to 7 Plants

作　　者：卢芙萍[1] 卢辉[1] 伍春玲[1] 梁晓[1] 陈青[1] LU Fuping LU Hui WU Chunling LIANG Xiao CHEN Qing(Environment and Plant Protection Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences/Laboratory of Pests Comprehensive Governance for Tropical crops, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China/Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所农业部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室海南省热带作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第12期2409-2414,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022013008;No.1630022014007);中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所省部重点实验室/科学观测实验站开放课题(No.RRI-KLOF201602);海南省重点研发计划项目(No.SQ2016XDNY0097)

摘　　要：用室内离体叶片饲养方法,研究了分别取食橡胶(Hevea brasiliensis)和7种目前常见的与橡胶间套种的作物[木薯(Manihot esculenta)、甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)、菠萝(Ananas como sus)、椰子(Cocos nucifera)、杧果(Mangifera indica)、木瓜(Chaenomeles speciosa)和变叶木(Codiaeum variegatum)]后,六点始叶螨(Eotetranychus sexmaculatus)的存活、发育与繁殖情况差异。结果表明,取食木薯、甘蔗、菠萝、椰子和杧果后,六点始叶螨各龄均不能存活;而取食橡胶、木瓜和变叶木叶片后,其幼螨、前若螨、后若螨及卵到成螨的存活率均表现为橡胶(均为100%)>变叶木(68%、69%、77%和71%)>木瓜(53%、65%、54%和57%),存在显著差异(p<0.05);从卵到成螨的发育历期表现为橡胶(12.05 d)<变叶木(14.67 d)<木瓜(15.61 d),但三者间没有显著差异(p>0.05);平均每雌产卵量为橡胶(32.20粒)>木瓜(8.00粒)>变叶木(7.00粒),橡胶与木瓜和变叶木间存在极显著差异(p<0.01);F1代卵孵化率为橡胶(100%)>变叶木(97.53%)>木瓜(94.42%),仅橡胶与木瓜间存在显著差异(p<0.05);后代雌性百分率为橡胶(88.20%)>变叶木(75.40%)>木瓜(66.30%),三者间存在显著差异(p<0.05);成螨寿命为橡胶(19.58 d)>木瓜(19.33 d)>变叶木(17.00 d),仅橡胶与变叶木间存在显著差异(p<0.05)。研究结果表明,木薯、椰子、杧果、菠萝和甘蔗不适于六点始叶螨生存、发育与繁殖,因此为预防六点始叶螨的发生与危害,这5类作物可作为橡胶的间作套种作物;而变叶木和木瓜虽然影响六点始叶螨的发育与繁殖,但六点始叶螨仍可完成世代发育和繁殖,因此其亦为六点始叶螨的嗜好寄主,不适宜与橡胶间作套种。The effect of the host plants on the development and reproduction of Eotetranychus sexmaculatus were observed via rearing the mites on 7 host plants including Manihot esculenta, Saccharum officinarum, Ananas comosus, Cocos nucifera, Mangifera indica, Chaenomeles speciose and Codiaeum variegatum at a constant temperature of 28 ℃ in the laboratory. The results showed that, feeding on different host plants had significant effect on the growth and the reproduction of E. sexmaculatus（p0.05）. E. sexmaculatus fed on M. esculenta, S.officinarum, A. comosus, C. nucifera and M. indica, leaves could not survived and continued the normal development. However, the survival of larvae, protonymph, detonymph as well as egg to adult stages of E.sexmaculatus were all 100% on H. brasiliensis, 68%, 69%, 77% and 71% on C. variegatum and 53%, 65%, 54%and 57% on C. speciose, respectively. The developmental durations from egg to adult were 12.05 d on H.brasiliensis, 14.67 d on C. variegatum and 15.61 d on C. speciose, respectively. The fecundities per female were32.20 individuals on H. brasiliensis, 8.00 individuals on C. speciose and 7.00 individuals on C. variegatum,respectively. The hatchability of F1 was 100% on H. brasiliensis, 97.53% on C. variegatum and 94.42% on C.speciose, respectively. The offspring-female percentages were 88.20% on H. brasiliensis, 75.40% on C. variegatumand 66.30% on C. speciose, respectively. The average longevity of adults was 19.58 d on H. brasiliensis, 19.33 d on C. speciose and 17.00 d on C. variegatum, respectively. It suggested that M. esculenta, S. officinarum, A. comosus,C. nucifera and M. indica were not suitable for survival for E. sexmaculatus. Therefore, based on the prevention consideration for E. sexmaculatus, M. esculenta, S. officinarum, A. comosus, C. nucifera and M. indica can be taken as the alternative plant to intercrop with rubber tree. However, C. variegatum and C. speciose were the suitable host plant for the mite and should not be consider as the intercrop plant with rubber tr

关 键 词：六点始叶螨 寄主选择性 发育与繁殖 间作套种 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]