流动男性商业性行为的HIV/AIDS累积风险及政策启示  

Accumulative Risk of HIV/AIDS among Male Migrants:A Study based on the Commercial Sex Analysis and Policy Implication

作　　者：杨博[1] 李树茁[2] 吴正[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国际商学院,陕西西安710119 [2]西安交通大学人口与发展研究所,陕西西安710119 [3]加拿大维多利亚大学社会学系

出　　处：《人口与发展》2016年第6期55-64,共10页Population and Development

基　　金：法国国立人口研究中心项目(2010-CV-0044);国家社科基金项目(16CRK022)资助

摘　　要：婚姻挤压下的未婚流动男性参与商业性行为的现象可能增多,而商业性行为是普通人群直接感染HIV/AIDS的途径之一。有必要在婚姻挤压背景下分析流动男性由于商业性行为而具有的HIV/AIDS风险及其应对策略。通过生存分析方法估计流动男性各个年龄段的商业性行为比例,探讨HIV/AIDS累积风险及其影响因素。研究结果验证了婚姻挤压、人口流动以及文化变迁是分析流动男性商业性行为的重要情境;发现流动男性存在明显的HIV/AIDS累积风险,28-35岁未婚男性是HIV/AIDS累积风险的主要承担者,婚姻挤压对28-35岁未婚男性的HIV/AIDS累积风险产生了显著影响;社会宏观结构因素和微观规范因素是流动男性HIV/AIDS累积风险的显著影响因素。在结论基础上提出了针对性的政策启示,建议公共卫生部门明确HIV/AIDS的累积风险趋势,完善风险阻断策略。The participation rate of commercial sex among unmarried male migrants is estimated to be increasing in marriage squeeze society of China. Commercial sex has identified as one of the risky behaviors for HIV/AIDS transmission. Thus it＇ s necessary to analyze the HIV/AIDS risk and relevant policy response among male migrants who have chances to have commercial sex in the situation of marriage squeeze. This study uses survival analysis to estimate the participation rate of commercial sex in every age group among male migrants and discusses Accumulative Risk of HIV/AIDS. The results indicates that there is an obvious trend of Accumulative Risk of HIV/AIDS among male migrants and those between 28 - 35 ages are the most important risky group. Marriage squeeze has significant impact to the formation of Accumulative Risk＇ of HIV/ AIDS. The results also indicates that marriage squeeze, migration and culture change are the background for analyzing commercial sex among male： migrant. The macro - social structural factors and micro - normative factors has significant impacts to Accumulative Risk of HIV/AID- Samong male migrant. This trend of Accumulative Risk of HIV/AIDS could be the reference for public health department to analyze the HIV/AIDS situation and improve the policy response.

关 键 词：婚姻挤压 流动男性 商业性行为 HIV/AIDS累积风险 政策启示 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]