中国研发投入的“索洛悖论”——解释及人力资本匹配含义  

The “Solow Paradox” of China's R&D——Explanation and implication of human capital matching

作　　者：李静[1] 楠玉[2] 刘霞辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,安徽合肥230039 [2]中国社会科学院经济研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《经济学家》2017年第1期31-38,共8页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标课题"加快经济结构调整与促进经济自主协调发展研究"(12&ZD084);安徽大学青年骨干教师培养项目(J01005139)

摘　　要：无论是全国层面、区域层面还是产业层面,中国当前均存在研发投入递增与全要素生产率递减同时并存的困境,表现出研发投入的"索洛悖论"现象,且"索洛悖论"出现在研发强度为5-6的区间。通过构建一般均衡理论模型和实证研究框架,本文从理论和经验两个方面给出理解这一反常结果的形成机制。研究发现,研发投入"索洛悖论"产生的原因之一是中国研发投入与研发人力资本投入错配,直接后果是持续创新失去人力资本依托。最后,基于中性技术进步和偏向性技术进步两个维度,进一步实证发现,实现人力资本与研发投入匹配,可以规避研发投入递增与技术进步递减同时并存的困境。而实施条件是加强人力资本投入在创新中的作用,以及改变因政策偏向、资源垄断以及要素市场扭曲等导致人力资本错配的机制。There exists a dilemma in China where the increase of R＆D inputs and the decrease of total factor productivity appear simultaneously on the national level, regional level and industry level. As a result, the phenomenon of ＂Solow Paradox＂ occurs and it appears in the R＆D strength of 5-6 interval. Through constructing a general equilibrium theory model and empirical research framework, the paper proposes to understand the formation mechanism of the anomalous results from both theoretical and empirical aspects. Results show that the mismatching between R＆D inputs and human capital inputs is one of the causes of the ＂Solow Paradox＂ in China, and the direct consequence of it is that the sustaining innovation will lose the support of human capital. Finally, based on the two dimensions of neutral technical progress and biased technical progress, further demonstrations show that achieving the matching between human capital and R＆D input can avoid the dilemma mentioned in the beginning. And the condition for the implementation is to strengthen the role of human capital in innovation, and change the mismatch mechanism of human capital caused by policy bias, resource monopoly and factor market distortions, etc.

关 键 词：人力资本 研发投入 索洛悖论 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]