冠心病患者出院指导质量的调查分析  

Survey of the quality of discharge teaching for patients with coronary heart disease

作　　者：王冰花[1] 汪晖[2] 杨纯子[2] 胡凯利[3] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院护理学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院护理部,湖北武汉430030 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院研究生院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2017年第1期75-78,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：华中科技大学院系自主创新基金项目(2016YXMS161)

摘　　要：目的了解冠心病患者出院指导质量,为进一步提高出院指导质量,满足患者出院后的康复需求提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法抽取武汉市2所三级甲等医院心血管内科的冠心病患者324例,应用一般资料调查表和出院指导质量量表进行调查。结果冠心病患者出院指导质量总分为(136.36±31.81)分,需要的出院指导内容总分为(42.04±14.29)分,获得的出院指导内容总分为(40.92±14.02)分,指导技巧及效果维度得分为(95.44±19.69)分,其得分最高的条目是"护士与其他健康工作者提供的信息一致";有无合并症、住院时间与次数不同的冠心病患者出院指导质量得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);医疗付费方式不同的冠心病患者需要的出院指导内容得分差异有统计学意义,文化程度不同的冠心病患者获得的出院指导内容得分差异有统计学意义,独居患者对指导技巧及效果的评价高于非独居患者(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论冠心病患者获得的出院指导内容基本可以满足患者的需要,但出院指导技巧及效果仍有待提高。护理人员应重视患者的心理护理,创新指导策略、重视细节指导,并通过反复检查确保患者对相关知识和技能的掌握,同时给予自我保健意识淡薄的患者更多关注。Objective To understand the quality of discharge teaching for patients with coronary heart disease, and to provide refe- rences for quality improvement of discharge teaching and to meet patients＇rehabilitation needs after discharge. Methods Totally 324 patients with coronary heart disease in departments of cardiovascularology of 2 first grade hospitals were selected via convenience sampling, then they were investigated using a general information questionnaire and the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale. Re- suits The total score of the quality of discharge teaching was （136. 36 ± 31. 81）, and the total score of the content needed was （42.04± 14.29）, while the score of the content received was （40.92± 14.02）. The dimension score of teaching skill and effect was （95.44±19.69）, the item of which scored the highest was ＂The information offered by nurses was consistent with that provided by other health care workers＂. The scores of the quality of discharge teaching were significantly different for those patients had complication or not, with different hospitalization lengths and times （P〈0.05 ,P〈0.01）. Besides, the score of the content needed for the patients with different payment methods was significantly different, while the score of the content received for the patients with different educational background was significantly different, and the patients who lived alone scored significantly higher in teaching skill and effect than their counterparts（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The received content of discharge teaching for pa- tients with coronary heart disease can basically meet their need, while the teaching skill and effect need to he improved. Nursing staff should pay attention to phychological nursing for patients, innovate teaching strategy, think highly of detail teaching and check again and again to ensure patients＇ undetstanding of relevant knowledge and skills, and concern more the patients with less health care consciousnes.

关 键 词：冠心病 出院指导 指导质量 需求 

分 类 号：R473.1[医药卫生—护理学]